The increasing penetration of renewable energy resources facilitates the carbon footprint reduction process yet reduces the power system inertia. As a result, the grid frequency and the rate of change of frequency (RoCoF) might probably go beyond the normal range, resulting in unexpected load shedding, generator tripping, and even frequency instability. To address this problem, grid-connected inverters are designed to participate in frequency regulation and provide the equivalent inertial support. Nevertheless, the inertia emulation effect is affected by the inverter synchronization dynamic and high RoCoF events may occur as the result of poor synchronization dynamics. In view of this limitation, a synthetic inertia control is developed in this article considering the synchronization dynamics. The synthetic inertia principles and control design guideline are explicitly provided. Finally, hardware experimental results of a scaled-down power system prototype are provided to validate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.

中文翻译：

---

考虑同步动力学的并网逆变器合成惯量控制


可再生能源的日益普及促进了碳足迹的减少过程，同时降低了电力系统的惯性。因此，电网频率和频率变化率（RoCoF）可能会超出正常范围，导致意外甩负荷、发电机跳闸，甚至频率不稳定。为了解决这个问题，并网逆变器被设计为参与频率调节并提供等效惯性支持。然而，惯性仿真效果受到逆变器同步动态的影响，并且由于同步动态较差，可能会发生高 RoCoF 事件。鉴于这一限制，本文开发了一种考虑同步动力学的综合惯性控制。明确提供了合成惯性原理和控制设计指南。最后，提供了按比例缩小的电力系统原型的硬件实验结果，以验证所提出方法的有效性。