An effort has been undertaken for valorization of surplus biomass to synthesize sustainable and commercially competitive nanoadsorbents utilizing green synthetic strategies. This study encompasses a pioneering research on the comparative adsorption analysis of different modified forms of graphene oxide (GO) combined with functionalized cellulose nanofibers (CNF) derived from surplus biomass for elimination of noxious drug species from aqueous environment with a comprehensive study for evaluating the effect of loading percentage of functionalized GO. Characteristic assessments of the prepared nanocomposites were performed using FT-IR studies, powder XRD studies, FESEM analysis, EDS analysis and BET studies. The prepared nanohybrids were evaluated for their adsorptive performance for elimination of ciprofloxacin and ofloxacin and their performance was optimized in terms of adsorbent loading, pH and initial drug concentration. Further, investigation of adsorbent properties and the adsorption process was undertaken by studying different kinetic and isotherm models of adsorption. The adsorption potential of functionalized CNF was substantially ameliorated through its facile assemblage with functionalized GO. The experimental outcomes revealed that 20 weight % loading of carboxylated graphene oxide within the perforated surface of esterified cellulose nanofibres exhibited best adsorption performance with maximum removal capacity of 45.04 mg g^-1 and 85.30 mg g^-1 for ciprofloxacin and ofloxacin, respectively. The outstanding regenerability and reusability of nanocomposites present tremendous potential for development of inexpensive and sustainable sorbent materials for managing pharmaceutical pollution. Literature presents scarce data and insufficient number of reports which thoroughly compares the role of differently functionalized GO to potentiate the adsorptive performance of biomass based nanocellulose and its broad application prospects in wastewater remediation. This marks the novelty of the present investigation.

为了利用绿色合成策略合成可持续和具有商业竞争力的纳米吸附剂，已经努力使剩余生物质增值。本研究包括一项开创性研究，对不同改性形式的氧化石墨烯 (GO) 与源自剩余生物质的功能化纤维素纳米纤维 (CNF) 进行比较吸附分析，以消除水环境中的有害药物种类，并全面研究评估效果功能化 GO 的负载百分比。使用 FT-IR 研究、粉末 XRD 研究、FESEM 分析、EDS 分析和 BET 研究对制备的纳米复合材料进行特性评估。评估了制备的纳米杂化物对环丙沙星和氧氟沙星的吸附性能，并在吸附剂负载、pH 和初始药物浓度方面对其性能进行了优化。此外，通过研究不同的吸附动力学和等温线模型，对吸附剂性质和吸附过程进行了研究。功能化 CNF 的吸附潜力通过其与功能化 GO 的简单组装而得到显着改善。实验结果表明，在酯化纤维素纳米纤维的穿孔表面内负载 20 重量％的羧化氧化石墨烯表现出最佳的吸附性能，最大去除能力为 45.04 通过研究不同的吸附动力学和等温线模型来研究吸附剂性质和吸附过程。功能化 CNF 的吸附潜力通过其与功能化 GO 的简单组装而得到显着改善。实验结果表明，在酯化纤维素纳米纤维的穿孔表面内负载 20 重量％的羧化氧化石墨烯表现出最佳的吸附性能，最大去除能力为 45.04 通过研究不同的吸附动力学和等温线模型来研究吸附剂性质和吸附过程。功能化 CNF 的吸附潜力通过其与功能化 GO 的简单组装而得到显着改善。实验结果表明，在酯化纤维素纳米纤维的穿孔表面内负载 20 重量％的羧化氧化石墨烯表现出最佳的吸附性能，最大去除能力为 45.04 环丙沙星和氧氟沙星分别为mg  g ^-1和 85.30  mg  g ^{-1 。}纳米复合材料出色的可再生性和可重复使用性为开发用于管理药物污染的廉价且可持续的吸附材料提供了巨大的潜力。文献资料稀缺且报道数量不足，彻底比较了不同功能化的 GO 对增强生物质纳米纤维素吸附性能的作用及其在废水修复中的广泛应用前景。这标志着本次调查的新颖性。