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Reduction of Nonvolatile Particulate Matter Emissions of a Commercial Turbofan Engine at the Ground Level from the Use of a Sustainable Aviation Fuel Blend
Environmental Science & Technology ( IF 10.8 ) Pub Date : 2021-10-18 , DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.1c04744
Lukas Durdina 1 , Benjamin T Brem 1 , Miriam Elser 1 , David Schönenberger 1 , Frithjof Siegerist 2 , Julien G Anet 3
Affiliation  

Nonvolatile particulate matter (nvPM) emissions from aircraft turbine engines deteriorate air quality and contribute to climate change. These emissions can be reduced using sustainable aviation fuels (SAFs). Here, we investigate the effects of a 32% SAF blend with fossil fuel on particle size distributions and nvPM emission indices of a widely used turbofan engine. The experiments were conducted in a test cell using a standardized sampling and measurement system. The geometric mean diameter (GMD) increased with thrust from ∼8 nm at idle to ∼40 nm at take-off, and the geometric standard deviation (GSD) was in the range of 1.74–2.01. The SAF blend reduced the GMD and GSD at each test point. The nvPM emission indices were reduced most markedly at idle by 70% in terms of nvPM mass and 60% in terms of nvPM number. The relative reduction of nvPM emissions decreased with the increasing thrust. The SAF blend reduced the nvPM emissions from the standardized landing and take-off cycle by 20% in terms of nvPM mass and 25% in terms of nvPM number. This work will help develop standardized models of fuel composition effects on nvPM emissions and evaluate the impacts of SAF on air quality and climate.

中文翻译:

通过使用可持续航空燃料混合物减少地面商用涡轮风扇发动机的非挥发性颗粒物排放

飞机涡轮发动机的非挥发性颗粒物 (nvPM) 排放会恶化空气质量并导致气候变化。使用可持续航空燃料 (SAF) 可以减少这些排放。在这里,我们研究了 32% 的 SAF 与化石燃料混合对广泛使用的涡轮风扇发动机的粒度分布和 nvPM 排放指数的影响。实验是在使用标准化采样和测量系统的测试单元中进行的。几何平均直径(GMD)随着推力从怠速时的~8 nm增加到起飞时的~40 nm,几何标准偏差(GSD)在1.74-2.01的范围内。SAF 混合物降低了每个测试点的 GMD 和 GSD。nvPM 排放指数在闲置时最显着地降低了 70%(就 nvPM 质量而言)和 60%(就 nvPM 数量而言)。nvPM 排放的相对减少随着推力的增加而减少。SAF 混合物将标准化着陆和起飞周期的 nvPM 排放量减少了 20%,nvPM 质量减少了 25%,nvPM 数量减少了 25%。这项工作将有助于开发燃料成分对非挥发性微粒物质排放影响的标准化模型,并评估 SAF 对空气质量和气候的影响。
更新日期:2021-11-02
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