The mechanical balance equations for a body with microstructure are derived from an expansion of the general Noll’s axiom of frame-indifference that takes into account the behavior of measures of microstructural interactions. Next, we introduce perfect internal constraints and adopt an extended determinism principle to analyze the consequences of their presence. Finally, we define the class of continua with partially constrained microstructure to give a complete dynamical description for a broad family of peculiar materials such as suspensions of rigid rotating granules, pseudo-Cosserat continua and partially constrained micro-spins.

中文翻译：

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具有部分受限微观结构的 Continua

具有微观结构的物体的机械平衡方程源自一般诺尔框架无差异公理的扩展，该公理考虑了微观结构相互作用的测量行为。接下来，我们引入完美的内部约束并采用扩展的确定性原则来分析它们存在的后果。最后，我们定义了具有部分约束微观结构的连续体类别，以对广泛的特殊材料系列进行完整的动力学描述，例如刚性旋转颗粒的悬浮液、伪 Cosserat 连续体和部分约束微自旋。