Abstract

Manufactured soils are created as replacements for topsoils and are mixtures of organic wastes (e.g. green waste, bark and sawdust (composts) and inorganic materials such as sand or crushed rock. They are applied in bulk for landscaping purposes and in rehabilitation of wasteland, brownfield sites and mined areas. Specialized uses include soilless media for container-grown plants and bag and pot culture of glasshouse vegetable crops where high macroporosity is required to prevent waterlogging. For use in landscaping and rehabilitation, composted municipal green waste is the most commonly used base material. Small amounts (e.g. 10–30% v/v) of mineral material (e.g. sand, rock crushing grit, subsoil) are often added. The main ingredient for structural manufactured soils (which can provide support for large footpaths, small buildings, etc.) is coarse stone aggregate while sand can be the basis for high-traffic turf such as sports fields and putting greens. There is little interaction between organic and inorganic components in most manufactured soils. Use of a greater proportion of waste inorganic materials with chemically reactive surfaces such as blast furnace slag, steel furnace slag, bauxite residue, fly ash and water treatment residuals could result in greater linkage between components, greater aggregation into a newly-formed material and greater stabilization of the organic components. This would be desirable where sustainable long-term use of the material is required (e.g. in landscaping and rehabilitation) and future research in this area is needed.

摘要

) 是粗石骨料，而沙子可以作为运动场和果岭等人流量大的草皮的基础。在大多数人工土壤中，有机和无机成分之间几乎没有相互作用。使用更高比例的具有化学反应性表面的废弃无机材料，如高炉渣、钢炉渣、铝土矿渣、飞灰和水处理残留物，可能会导致组分之间的联系更大，更多地聚集成新形成的材料和更大的有机成分的稳定化。如果需要对材料进行可持续的长期使用（例如在景观美化和修复中）并且需要在该领域进行未来研究，这将是可取的。在大多数人工土壤中，有机和无机成分之间几乎没有相互作用。使用更高比例的具有化学反应性表面的废弃无机材料，如高炉渣、钢炉渣、铝土矿渣、飞灰和水处理残留物，可能会导致组分之间的联系更大，更多地聚集成新形成的材料和更大的有机成分的稳定化。如果需要对材料进行可持续的长期使用（例如在景观美化和修复中）并且需要在该领域进行未来研究，这将是可取的。在大多数人工土壤中，有机和无机成分之间几乎没有相互作用。使用更高比例的具有化学反应性表面的废弃无机材料，如高炉渣、钢炉渣、铝土矿渣、飞灰和水处理残留物，可能会导致组分之间的联系更大，更多地聚集成新形成的材料和更大的有机成分的稳定化。如果需要对材料进行可持续的长期使用（例如在景观美化和修复中）并且需要在该领域进行未来研究，这将是可取的。飞灰和水处理残留物可能导致成分之间的联系更紧密，更多地聚集成新形成的材料，并且有机成分的稳定性更高。如果需要对材料进行可持续的长期使用（例如在景观美化和修复中）并且需要在该领域进行未来研究，这将是可取的。飞灰和水处理残留物可能导致成分之间的联系更紧密，更多地聚集成新形成的材料，并且有机成分的稳定性更高。如果需要对材料进行可持续的长期使用（例如在景观美化和修复中）并且需要在该领域进行未来研究，这将是可取的。