The use of muon tomography in geoscience projects has been continuously increasing over the past few years. This led to a variety of applications that often use custom-tailored solutions for data acquisition and processing. The respective know-how is splintered and mainly available in a semi-published state in various physics departments that developed these methods. This complicates the design of new studies and the decision whether muon tomography is a suitable tool and feasible for a specific geoscientific question. In this study we review the current state of how muon tomography has been applied in the field of geosciences with the goal of equipping interested geoscientists with the basic knowledge on the physical basics that constitute muon tomography. After an explanation of how muons are produced, how they traverse matter and how they are recorded, a showcase is made of recent applications. These studies show the variety of how muon tomography can be applied in experiments, such that interested readers may implement this technology for their own research. Finally, we provide a guide to best practice to help interested geoscientists decide if and how muon tomography could be implemented in their own research. We believe that through a better mutual understanding, new interdisciplinary collaborations can be initiated that advance the whole field of muon tomography.

在过去几年中，μ介子断层扫描在地球科学项目中的应用不断增加。这导致了各种应用程序经常使用定制的解决方案进行数据采集和处理。各自的专有技术是分裂的，主要以半公开状态在开发这些方法的各个物理部门中获得。这使新研究的设计和确定 μ 子断层扫描是否是适合特定地球科学问题的合适工具和可行的决定变得复杂。在这项研究中，我们回顾了 μ 子层析成像在地球科学领域的应用现状，目的是让感兴趣的地球科学家掌握构成 μ 子层析成像的物理基础知识。在解释了 μ 子是如何产生的之后，它们如何穿越物质以及它们如何被记录，展示了最近的应用程序。这些研究展示了μ子断层扫描在实验中应用的多样性，感兴趣的读者可以将这项技术用于他们自己的研究。最后，我们提供了最佳实践指南，以帮助感兴趣的地球科学家决定是否以及如何在他们自己的研究中实施 μ​​介子断层扫描。我们相信，通过更好的相互理解，可以发起新的跨学科合作，推动整个μ子断层扫描领域的发展。我们提供了最佳实践指南，以帮助感兴趣的地球科学家决定是否以及如何在他们自己的研究中实施 μ​​介子断层扫描。我们相信，通过更好的相互理解，可以发起新的跨学科合作，推动整个μ子断层扫描领域的发展。我们提供了最佳实践指南，以帮助感兴趣的地球科学家决定是否以及如何在他们自己的研究中实施 μ​​介子断层扫描。我们相信，通过更好的相互理解，可以发起新的跨学科合作，推动整个μ子断层扫描领域的发展。