The evaluation of toxic effects in stressful environmental conditions can be determined through the imbalance between exogenous factors (environmental contaminants) and enzymatic and non-enzymatic defenses in biological systems. The use of fish for the identification of alterations in biochemical biomarkers provides a comprehensive vision of the effects that pharmaceutical products cause in the aquatic ecosystem, as they are organisms with high sensitivity to contaminants, filtering capacity, and potential for environmental toxicology studies. A wide range of pharmaceuticals can stimulate or alter a variety of biochemical mechanisms, such as oxidative damage to membrane lipids, proteins, and changes in antioxidant enzymes. This review includes a summary of knowledge of the last 20 years, in the understanding of the different biochemical biomarkers generated by exposure to pharmaceuticals in fish, which include different categories of pharmaceutical products: NSAIDs, analgesics, antibiotics, anticonvulsants, antidepressants, hormones, lipid regulators and mixtures. This review serves as a tool in the design of studies for the evaluation of the effects of pharmaceutical products, taking into account the most useful biomarkers, type of matrix, enzyme alterations, all taking the pharmaceutical group of interest.

可以通过生物系统中外源因素（环境污染物）与酶促和非酶促防御之间的不平衡来确定对压力环境条件下的毒性作用的评估。使用鱼类来识别生化生物标志物的变化，可以全面了解药物产品对水生生态系统造成的影响，因为它们是对污染物高度敏感、过滤能力强的生物，具有进行环境毒理学研究的潜力。范围广泛的药物可以刺激或改变多种生化机制，例如膜脂、蛋白质的氧化损伤和抗氧化酶的变化。这篇综述包括对过去 20 年知识的总结，了解鱼类接触药物产生的不同生化生物标志物，其中包括不同类别的药物产品：NSAID、镇痛药、抗生素、抗惊厥药、抗抑郁药、激素、脂质调节剂和混合物。本综述作为一种工具，用于评估药品效果的研究设计，考虑到最有用的生物标志物、基质类型、酶改变，所有这些都考虑到感兴趣的制药集团。