Pesticide residues in soil and food are of concern for human health. Biodegradation is an attractive option for reducing these residues, but more insight into the mechanism of degradation is necessary to ensure that toxic deadend products are not produced in the process. In this study, a β-cypermethrin (β-CY) degrading bacterium which we named GW-01 was isolated from a sheep’s rumen chyme. HPLC analyses of culture extracts revealed that train GW-01 degraded ∼ 60 % of 100 mg/L β‑CY within 7 d. Strain GW-01 transiently accumulated 3-phenoxybenzoic acid (3-PBA), phenol, and benzoic acid during β-CY degradation. Genomic, transcriptomic, and proteomic analyses of GW-01 during degradation of β-CY and its metabolites provided evidence that an α/β- hydrolase and a cytochrome aa3 quinol oxidase were responsible for the degradation of β-CY and 3-PBA, respectively. Chlorohydrolase was implicated in the degradation of phenol to catechol. Transcriptional and proteomic evidence was also found for upregulation of the benzoic acid degradation pathway and meta-pathway (catechol-2,3-dioxygenase), respectively. Based on these results a pathway for β-CY degradation is propose that provides greater insight into the mechanism of pyrethroid degradation by microorganisms.

土壤和食物中的农药残留关系到人类健康。生物降解是减少这些残留物的一个有吸引力的选择，但需要更深入地了解降解机制，以确保在该过程中不会产生有毒的死端产物。在这项研究中，我们从绵羊的瘤胃食糜中分离出一种β-氯氰菊酯（β-CY）降解细菌，我们命名为GW-01。培养物提取物的 HPLC 分析表明，GW-01 序列在 7 天内降解了约 60% 的 100 mg/L β-CY。菌株 GW-01 在 β-CY 降解过程中瞬时积累了 3-苯氧基苯甲酸 (3-PBA)、苯酚和苯甲酸。GW-01 在 β-CY 及其代谢物降解过程中的基因组、转录组学和蛋白质组学分析提供的证据表明，α/β-水解酶和细胞色素 aa3 羟基喹啉氧化酶负责降解 β-CY 和 3-PBA，分别。氯水解酶与苯酚降解为儿茶酚有关。还发现了苯甲酸降解途径上调的转录和蛋白质组学证据，元途径（儿茶酚-2,3-双加氧酶），分别。基于这些结果，提出了一种 β-CY 降解途径，可以更深入地了解微生物降解拟除虫菊酯的机制。