Research on the link between affinity for solitude (a tendency to enjoy time alone) and psychosocial adjustment among adolescents has been mixed; however, this may depend on whether time spent alone is motivated by positive (self-reflection, creative pursuits) or reactive (negative affect, avoiding social interaction) factors. The current study investigated affinity for solitude and motivations for spending time alone among 1072 early to mid-adolescents (M_age = 12.48 years, age range = 10–16, 49.8% female). Higher reactive solitude predicted depressive symptoms, peer victimization, and lower self-esteem, controlling for previous scores on these adjustment indicators. For social anxiety and friendship quality, there were significant 3-way interactions between affinity for solitude, reactive solitude, and frequency of time spent alone, indicating that the relation between affinity for solitude and these latter adjustment indicators depends on why and how often youth spend time alone. Findings indicate that attention should be given to youth who spend time alone for reactive reasons, as this appears to be associated with negative adjustment.

关于青少年喜欢独处（喜欢独处的倾向）与心理社会适应之间的联系的研究好坏参半；然而，这可能取决于独处时间是由积极因素（自我反省、创造性追求）还是被动因素（消极情绪、避免社交互动）驱动的。目前的研究调查了 1072 名早期至中期青少年（M_年龄 = 12.48 岁，年龄范围 = 10-16，49.8% 为女性）。较高的反应性孤独预示着抑郁症状、同伴受害和较低的自尊，控制了这些调整指标上的先前分数。对于社交焦虑和友谊质量，孤独感、反应性孤独感和独处时间频率之间存在显着的三向交互作用，表明孤独感与后一种调整指标之间的关系取决于年轻人为什么以及多久消磨一次独处的时间。调查结果表明，应该关注那些因被动原因而独处的年轻人，因为这似乎与消极适应有关。