Cardiometabolic disease (CMD) is the most common preventable cause of death in the world. A number of components are included in the spectrum of CMD, such as metabolic syndrome/obesity, hyperglycemia/diabetes, dyslipidemia, and hypertension, which are independently associated with cardiovascular disease risk. These conditions often occur together, and patients with cancer frequently undergo treatments that can generate or worsen CMD. This review highlights and presents mechanistic and epidemiological evidence regarding CMD in 4 categories of anticancer medications, namely, mTOR/PI3K-Akt inhibitors, multitargeted tyrosine kinase inhibitor, immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy, and endocrine therapy. Patients taking these medications need careful monitoring during therapy. There is a role for cardio-oncology and onco-primary care specialists in optimally managing patients at risk to mitigate CMD during treatment with these and other investigational anticancer medications.

心脏代谢疾病（CMD）是世界上最常见的可预防死亡原因。CMD 包括许多成分，例如代谢综合征/肥胖、高血糖/糖尿病、血脂异常和高血压，这些成分与心血管疾病风险独立相关。这些情况经常同时发生，癌症患者经常接受可能产生或加重 CMD 的治疗。本综述重点介绍了 4 类抗癌药物中 CMD 的机制和流行病学证据，即 mTOR/PI3K-Akt 抑制剂、多靶点酪氨酸激酶抑制剂、免疫检查点抑制剂治疗和内分泌治疗。服用这些药物的患者在治疗期间需要仔细监测。心脏肿瘤学和肿瘤初级保健专家在使用这些和其他研究性抗癌药物治疗期间对有风险的患者进行最佳管理以减轻 CMD 方面发挥着作用。