Aim: The aim of this systematic review is to identify all the available data on human lens proteomics with a critical role in age-related cataract formation in order to elucidate the physiopathology of the aging lens.

Methods: We searched on Medline and Cochrane databases. The search generated 328 manuscripts. We included nine original proteomic studies that investigated human cataractous lenses.

Results: Deamidation was the major age-related post-translational modification. There was a significant increase in the amount of αA-crystallin D-isoAsp58 present at all ages, while an increase in the extent of Trp oxidation was apparent in cataract lenses when compared to aged normal lense. During aging, enzymes with oxidized cysteine at critical sites included GAPDH, glutathione synthase, aldehyde dehydrogenase, sorbitol dehydrogenase, and PARK7.

Conclusion: D-isoAsp in αA crystallin could be associated with the development of age-related cataract in humans by contributing to the denaturation of a crystallin and decreasing its ability to act as a chaperone. Oxidation of Trp may be associated with nuclear cataract formation in humans, while the role of oxidant stress in age-related cataract formation is dominant.

目的：本系统评价的目的是确定所有关于在年龄相关性白内障形成中起关键作用的人晶状体蛋白质组学的可用数据，以阐明老化晶状体的病理生理学。

方法：我们搜索了 Medline 和 Cochrane 数据库。搜索产生了 328 份手稿。我们纳入了九项调查人类白内障晶状体的原始蛋白质组学研究。

结果：脱酰胺是主要的与年龄相关的翻译后修饰。αA-晶状体蛋白 D-isoAsp58 的含量在所有年龄段都有显着增加，而与老化的正常晶状体相比，白内障晶状体中 Trp 氧化程度的增加是明显的。在衰老过程中，关键部位具有氧化半胱氨酸的酶包括 GAPDH、谷胱甘肽合酶、醛脱氢酶、山梨糖醇脱氢酶和 PARK7。

结论：αA 晶状体蛋白中的 D-isoAsp 可能通过促进晶状体蛋白的变性并降低其作为伴侣的能力而与人类年龄相关性白内障的发展有关。Trp 的氧化可能与人类核白内障的形成有关，而氧化应激在与年龄相关的白内障形成中的作用占主导地位。