Policies for investment in biofuel production facilities and feedstock may be necessary in order to meet climate and renewable energy targets. These policies entail a trade-off between high transportation costs of biomass and economies of scale of production facilities. We develop a spatial optimisation model and investigate the cost-effective localization of production facilities for ethanol from agricultural land in Sweden. Feedstock costs are found to be most important in determining the location, although high feedstock density motivates locating large facilities in areas with high feedstock costs. At higher production, feedstock from the whole country is preferred despite high transport costs.

中文翻译：

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农业生物燃料生产设施和原料的最佳本地化：瑞典案例研究

为了实现气候和可再生能源目标，可能需要对生物燃料生产设施和原料进行投资的政策。这些政策需要在生物质的高运输成本和生产设施的规模经济之间进行权衡。我们开发了一个空间优化模型，并研究了瑞典农业用地乙醇生产设施的成本效益本地化。原料成本被发现在确定位置时最重要，尽管高原料密度促使大型设施位于原料成本高的地区。在较高的产量下，尽管运输成本高，但首选来自全国的原料。