Objective:

Major negative life events, such as trauma exposure, can play a key role in igniting or exacerbating psychopathology. However, few disorders are diagnosed with respect to precipitating events, and the role of these events in the unfolding of new psychopathology is not well understood. The authors conducted a multisite transdiagnostic longitudinal study of trauma exposure and related mental health outcomes to identify neurobiological predictors of risk, resilience, and different symptom presentations.

Methods:

A total of 146 participants (discovery cohort: N=69; internal replication cohort: N=77) were recruited from emergency departments within 72 hours of a trauma and followed for the next 6 months with a survey, MRI, and physiological assessments.

Results:

Task-based functional MRI 2 weeks after a motor vehicle collision identified four clusters of individuals based on profiles of neural activity reflecting threat reactivity, reward reactivity, and inhibitory engagement. Three clusters were replicated in an independent sample with a variety of trauma types. The clusters showed different longitudinal patterns of posttrauma symptoms.

Conclusions:

These findings provide a novel characterization of heterogeneous stress responses shortly after trauma exposure, identifying potential neuroimaging-based biotypes of trauma resilience and psychopathology.

中文翻译：

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创伤急性后精神脆弱性的基于大脑的生物型

 客观的：

重大的负面生活事件，例如创伤暴露，可能在引发或加剧精神病理学方面发挥关键作用。然而，很少有疾病是根据诱发事件来诊断的，并且这些事件在新的精神病理学发展中的作用尚不清楚。作者对创伤暴露和相关心理健康结果进行了多中心跨诊断纵向研究，以确定风险、恢复力和不同症状表现的神经生物学预测因子。

 方法：

创伤后 72 小时内从急诊科招募了总共 146 名参与者（发现队列：N=69；内部复制队列：N=77），并在接下来的 6 个月内进行了调查、MRI 和生理评估。

 结果：

机动车碰撞后 2 周，基于任务的功能性 MRI 根据反映威胁反应性、奖励反应性和抑制性参与的神经活动概况识别出四组个体。在具有多种创伤类型的独立样本中复制了三个簇。这些簇显示出不同的创伤后症状的纵向模式。

 结论：

这些发现提供了创伤暴露后不久的异质应激反应的新特征，识别了潜在的基于神经影像的创伤复原力和精神病理学生物型。