Structured light, with its ability to tailor diverse degrees of freedom (DoFs) of light has recently attracted increasing attention, especially as geometric beams that can open multiple DoFs by the ray-wave duality. Here, a generalized ray-wave beam family is proposed to unify the azimuthally traveling-wave (TW) and standing-wave (SW) structured light, by introducing a ray-split/fusion state as a tunable spatial mode to continuously transform the TW and SW states of light. We derive an elegant closed-form expression by utilizing frequency-degenerate Ince–Gaussian eigenmodes to construct a new coherent state of structured light to precisely parameterize the ray-split/fusion effect, pushing structured light control in higher dimensions. We also experimentally generate these modes by dynamic control of a digital hologram system, revealing their potential applications in optical manipulation and communication.

结构光具有定制光的不同自由度 (DoF) 的能力，最近引起了越来越多的关注，特别是作为可以通过射线波二元性打开多个自由度的几何光束。在这里，提出了一种广义的射线波束族，通过引入射线分裂/融合状态作为可调空间模式来连续变换 TW，以统一方位行波 (TW) 和驻波 (SW) 结构光和 SW 状态的光。我们通过利用频率退化的 Ince-Gaussian 特征模式来构建结构光的新相干状态来精确参数化光线分裂/融合效应，从而推导出一个优雅的封闭形式表达式，从而推动更高维度的结构光控制。我们还通过数字全息系统的动态控制实验性地生成这些模式，