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Differences in the sediment composition of wind eroded sandy soils before and after fertilization with poultry manure
Soil and Tillage Research ( IF 6.1 ) Pub Date : 2021-10-13 , DOI: 10.1016/j.still.2021.105205
Steffen Münch 1 , Natalie Papke 1 , Martin Leue 1 , Matthias Faust 2 , Kerstin Schepanski 3 , Paul Siller 4 , Uwe Roesler 4 , Ulrich Nübel 5 , Tina Kabelitz 6 , Thomas Amon 4, 6 , Roger Funk 1
Affiliation  

Wind erosion is known to be a gradual process of soil degradation on arable lands. Poultry manure fertilization is a common practice to improve physical, chemical and biological soil properties, and is thus an essential part to maintain soil fertility. Shortly after incorporation, poultry manure and soil particles are loosely adjacent without any bonding. This supposedly affects the susceptibility of soils to wind erosion and influence the physical and chemical composition of the wind-eroded sediment. Wind tunnel experiments were conducted with three wind speeds (8, 11, 14 m s−1) and four sandy soils, each fertilized with poultry manure in a common rate of 6 t ha−1. Incorporation of manure in the soils changed the particulate organic matter (POM) composition resulting in increased median particle diameters, carbon contents and hydrophobicity. Wind erosion caused a preferred release of manure particles already at wind speeds close above the threshold of 7 m s−1 with the greatest sorting effects in size, shape, and density of the particles. Thus, wind erosion immediately leads to losses of the added organic material. At higher wind speeds the sediment composition rather corresponds to the entire soil or soil-manure mixtures. Depending on the wind speed and total soil loss, potential manure losses between 101 and 854 kg ha−1 were accounted, which are 1.7–14% of the fertilization rate. The results indicate a risk of substantial loss or redistribution of poultry manure by wind erosion immediately after incorporation.



中文翻译:

风蚀沙土施禽粪肥前后沉积物成分的差异

众所周知,风蚀是耕地土壤退化的渐进过程。家禽粪便施肥是改善土壤物理、化学和生物特性的常见做法,因此是保持土壤肥力的重要组成部分。加入后不久,家禽粪便和土壤颗粒松散地相邻,没有任何粘合。据推测,这会影响土壤对风蚀的敏感性,并影响风蚀沉积物的物理和化学成分。风洞实验采用三种风速(8、11、14 m s -1)和四种沙质土壤进行,每种土壤均以6 t ha -1的共同速率施以家禽粪便. 在土壤中掺入粪便改变了颗粒有机物质 (POM) 的组成,导致中值粒径、碳含量和疏水性增加。风蚀已经在风速接近 7 m s -1阈值时导致粪便颗粒的优先释放,对颗粒的大小、形状和密度具有最大的分选效果。因此,风蚀会立即导致添加的有机材料的损失。在更高的风速下,沉积物成分与整个土壤或土壤肥料混合物相对应。根据风速和土壤流失总量,潜在的粪便流失量在 101 至 854 kg ha -1 之间占受精率的 1.7-14%。结果表明,在加入后立即风蚀会导致家禽粪便大量损失或重新分配的风险。

更新日期:2021-10-13
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