Purpose

Although both institutional export assistance and entrepreneurial orientation (EO) contribute separately and positively to export performance, the interplay between them has received little attention. This study examines the role of international EO in deriving performance benefits from governmental and nongovernmental export assistance.

Design/methodology/approach

In this longitudinal study, two surveys were administered at two different times: In 2011, 705 Bangladeshi apparel exporters were surveyed, and in 2019, a subsequent survey of 198 firms in multiple industries was conducted. The aim of the surveys was to assess the relationships between governmental and nongovernmental assistance, EO and export performance.

Findings

The results of the first survey show that, while nongovernmental assistance influences performance directly and via EO, governmental assistance has only direct effects. Furthermore, the negative influence of government assistance on EO reduces the total effects and renders them nonsignificant. The results of the second survey demonstrate that government EPPs have both direct and indirect positive and significant effects on market performance, indicating a partial mediation, whereas quasi-governmental assistance has positive and significant direct effects as well as negative but nonsignificant indirect effects. Nongovernmental EPPs have both direct and indirect significant effects on international performance, indicating a partial mediation.

Research limitations/implications

The study has important implications for researchers studying export assistance and its impact on firm performance. Instead of adopting a parochial view of government assistance, this study categorizes such assistance into three types – government, quasi-government and nongovernment. Furthermore, this study bridges the export assistance and international entrepreneurship literature by including EO.

Practical implications

Entrepreneurs must emphasize the use of government assistance in order to enhance export performance. However, to promote both entrepreneurship and performance, they must emphasize nongovernment assistance. Exporters should also capitalize on the assistance extended by various quasi-governmental agencies to bolster export performance.

Originality/value

Given the performance advantage of export assistance, this study highlights the contribution of the private sector in promoting export entrepreneurship while shedding light on the pernicious role of (quasi-)governmental assistance in export entrepreneurship.

中文翻译：

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出口援助的绩效影响：出口创业的中介作用

目的

尽管机构出口援助和创业导向 (EO) 分别对出口绩效做出了积极贡献，但它们之间的相互作用却很少受到关注。本研究考察了国际 EO 在从政府和非政府出口援助中获得绩效收益方面的作用。

设计/方法/方法

在这项纵向研究中，在两个不同时间进行了两项调查：2011 年对 705 家孟加拉国服装出口商进行了调查，2019 年对多个行业的 198 家公司进行了后续调查。调查的目的是评估政府和非政府援助、EO 和出口绩效之间的关系。

发现

第一次调查的结果表明，虽然非政府援助直接和通过 EO 影响绩效，但政府援助只有直接影响。此外，政府援助对 EO 的负面影响降低了总效应，使其不显着。第二次调查的结果表明，政府EPP对市场表现有直接和间接的积极和显着影响，表明部分中介，而准政府援助有积极和显着的直接影响，也有消极但不显着的间接影响。非政府 EPP 对国际绩效有直接和间接的显着影响，表明是部分调解。

研究限制/影响

该研究对研究出口援助及其对公司业绩影响的研究人员具有重要意义。本研究不采取狭隘的政府援助观点，而是将此类援助分为三种类型——政府、准政府和非政府。此外，本研究通过包含 EO 将出口援助和国际创业文献联系起来。

实际影响

企业家必须强调利用政府援助来提高出口业绩。然而，为了促进创业和绩效，他们必须强调非政府援助。出口商还应利用各种准政府机构提供的援助来提高出口业绩。

原创性/价值

鉴于出口援助的绩效优势，本研究强调了私营部门在促进出口创业方面的贡献，同时阐明了（准）政府援助在出口创业方面的有害作用。