Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) was used to characterize the materials released by lithium-ion (Li-ion) cells at thermal runaway conditions. Commercial AAA-size, rechargeable, 3.7-V, 350-mAh, Li-ion battery cells were heated in a N2-atmosphere tubular chamber up to about 165 °C to induce thermal decomposition. Through measurements of the chamber internal temperature and LIBS emission intensities over time the onset temperature of thermal runaway (≈143 °C) and the duration of the cells outgassing (> 40 minutes) were determined. Relatively high intensity atomic emissions from C, H, F, Li, Na, and P were detected at different times during the heating experiments. The detection of analytes such as C and H was continuous over time. On the contrary, detection of F, Na, Li, and P was more irregular, indicating the presence of solid-phase analytes or analyte-bearing particles. A calibration scheme for estimation of the total mass/volume concentration of all carbon-based species sampled within the laser-induced plasma was developed.

激光诱导击穿光谱 (LIBS) 用于表征锂离子 (Li-ion) 电池在热失控条件下释放的材料。商用 AAA 尺寸、可充电、3.7-V、350-mAh 锂离子电池单元在 N2 气氛管状腔室中加热至约 165 °C，以诱导热分解。通过测量室内部温度和 LIBS 排放强度随时间的推移热失控 (≥ 143 °C) 的起始温度和细胞脱气 (> 40 分钟) 的持续时间被确定。在加热实验的不同时间检测到来自 C、H、F、Li、Na 和 P 的相对高强度的原子发射。随着时间的推移，C 和 H 等分析物的检测是连续的。相反，F、Na、Li 和 P 的检测更不规则，表明存在固相分析物或含有分析物的颗粒。开发了一种用于估计在激光诱导等离子体中采样的所有碳基物质的总质量/体积浓度的校准方案。