The system efficiency of solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) fueled with ammonia or pure hydrogen always underperforms compared to the SOFCs fueled with carbon-based fuels. Hence, improving the efficiency of SOFCs fueled with pure hydrogen or hydrogen carriers such as ammonia is required to promote hydrogen economy. This study deals with the thermodynamic analyses of SOFC with 100% system fuel utilization configuration achieved by a dead-end anode (DEA) loop. The results are compared with the conventional SOFC configuration with the afterburner setup. It is shown that the energy efficiency and exergy efficiency of ammonia-fueled recirculation system are 12.17% points and 11.39% points higher than the conventional system. Energy balance comparison shows that the reduction in heat loss through exhaust gas is one of the significant factors for improving the system efficiency. The improvement in the exergy efficiency of the recirculation system is attributed to the reduction in exergy destructions in air preheaters and the elimination of exergy destruction at the afterburner. In addition, a parametric analysis and artificial neural network– genetic algorithm (ANN-GA) based optimization are performed to understand the effects of stack fuel utilization, current density, stack operating temperature, radiation loss, the pressure ratio across the membrane, and species removal rate in anode off-gas on system efficiency. The system efficiency as high as 75% lower heating value (LHV) can be achieved by the DEA loop configuration with operating the system at lower stack fuel utilizations.

与以碳基燃料为燃料的 SOFC 相比，以氨或纯氢为燃料的固体氧化物燃料电池 (SOFC) 的系统效率总是表现不佳。因此，需要提高以纯氢或氢载体（如氨）为燃料的 SOFC 的效率，以促进氢经济。本研究涉及通过死端阳极 (DEA) 回路实现 100% 系统燃料利用配置的 SOFC 的热力学分析。结果与带有加力燃烧室设置的传统 SOFC 配置进行了比较。结果表明，以氨为燃料的再循环系统的能源效率和火用效率比常规系统高12.17个百分点和11.39个百分点。能量平衡比较表明，减少废气热损失是提高系统效率的重要因素之一。再循环系统火用效率的提高归因于空气预热器火用破坏的减少和加力燃烧室火用破坏的消除。此外，还进行了参数分析和基于人工神经网络遗传算法 (ANN-GA) 的优化，以了解电堆燃料利用率、电流密度、电堆运行温度、辐射损失、跨膜压力比和物种的影响。阳极废气的去除率对系统效率的影响。