PURPOSE

To examine the incidence of mental disorders in children with cataract compared with children without cataract.

DESIGN

Nationwide cohort study based on entries in comprehensive national databases.

METHODS

The incidence of mental disorders in children born between 2000 and 2017 diagnosed with cataract before 10 years of age (n = 485) was compared with sex- and age-matched controls (n = 4358). Analyses were corrected to somatic disease in the child and parental socioeconomic status and psychiatric morbidity. The study was conducted as 2 university hospitals in Denmark managing children 6 years of age our younger with cataract.

RESULTS

The incidence of mental disorders was nearly doubled in children with cataract compared with controls (odds ratio [OR], 1.83; 95% CI, 1.28–3.63). The risk of anxiety disorders was quadrupled (OR, 4.10; 95% CI, 1.90–8.84) and the risk of developmental delay was doubled (OR, 2.66; 95% CI, 1.45–4.90). The risk of mental disorders was significantly higher in children diagnosed with cataract in the first 3 years of life compared with controls (OR, 2.36; 95% CI, 1.53–3.64), whereas those diagnosed with cataract later in childhood did not have an increased risk (OR, 1.24; 95% CI, 0.66–2.30).

CONCLUSIONS

The risk of mental disorders, in particular anxiety and neurodevelopmental delay, is markedly increased in children with cataract and even more so in those diagnosed within the first 3 years of life. Psychiatric screening instruments may be integrated in the management of these children.

中文翻译：

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白内障儿童精神障碍发病率增加：基于人群的研究结果

目的

比较白内障儿童与非白内障儿童的精神障碍发生率。

设计

基于综合国家数据库条目的全国性队列研究。

方法

将 2000 年至 2017 年出生的 10 岁前诊断为白内障的儿童 ( n  = 485) 与性别和年龄匹配的对照组 ( n  = 4358) 的精神障碍发病率进行了比较。将分析校正为儿童的躯体疾病、父母的社会经济地位和精神疾病。该研究是在丹麦的 2 所大学医院对 6 岁以下患有白内障的儿童进行的。

结果

与对照组相比，白内障儿童的精神障碍发病率几乎翻了一番（优势比 [OR]，1.83；95% CI，1.28-3.63）。焦虑症的风险翻了两番（OR，4.10；95% CI，1.90-8.84），发育迟缓的风险翻了一番（OR，2.66；95% CI，1.45-4.90）。与对照组相比，在生命的前 3 年被诊断为白内障的儿童患精神障碍的风险显着高于对照组（OR，2.36；95% CI，1.53-3.64），而在儿童后期被诊断为白内障的儿童没有增加风险（OR，1.24；95% CI，0.66–2.30）。

结论

白内障儿童患精神障碍，尤其是焦虑和神经发育迟缓的风险显着增加，在出生后 3 年内被诊断出的儿童更是如此。精神病学筛查工具可以整合到这些儿童的管理中。