ABSTRACT

The effects of mindfulness-based interventions on performance have recently been investigated, with several studies assessing changes in brain activity. The aim of the current systematic review was to identify the neural correlates of mindfulness practice that enhance performance. We completed searches on Scopus, PubMed, EBSCO, and Web of Science in February 2020. Peer-reviewed studies that implemented mindfulness-based interventions or compared groups of mindfulness meditators with non-practitioners and measured the neural activity underpinning performance were eligible. The quality of the studies and evidence was assessed with the Cochrane risk of bias tool and the GRADE system. Of the 1836 records identified, 20 published articles (925 participants) were found, including 8 experimental, 5 quasi-experimental, and 7 cross-sectional studies. None of the studies were rated as having a low risk of bias. The quality of evidence was graded to be low and very low. The main finding that emerged was the potential enhancing effect of mindfulness practice on performance monitoring abilities, which are highly important to detect and adjust to errors. Overall findings did not provide a robust evidence for neural correlates of mindfulness practice aimed to enhance performance, highlighting the need for future research. This study is registered on PROSPERO, number CRD42020185471.

摘要

最近研究了基于正念的干预对表现的影响，有几项研究评估了大脑活动的变化。当前系统评价的目的是确定提高表现的正念练习的神经相关性。我们于 2020 年 2 月完成了在 Scopus、PubMed、EBSCO 和 Web of Science 上的搜索。实施基于正念的干预措施或比较正念冥想者与非从业者组并测量神经活动基础表现的同行评审研究符合条件。使用 Cochrane 偏倚风险工具和 GRADE 系统评估研究和证据的质量。在确定的 1836 条记录中，发现了 20 篇已发表的文章（925 名参与者），其中包括 8 篇实验性研究、5 篇准实验性研究和 7 篇横断面研究。没有一项研究被评为低偏倚风险。证据质量分为低级和极低级。出现的主要发现是正念练习对绩效监控能力的潜在增强作用，这对于检测和调整错误非常重要。总体研究结果并未为旨在提高表现的正念练习的神经相关性提供强有力的证据，突出了未来研究的必要性。本研究在 PROSPERO 上注册，编号为 CRD42020185471。总体研究结果并未为旨在提高表现的正念练习的神经相关性提供强有力的证据，突出了未来研究的必要性。本研究在 PROSPERO 上注册，编号为 CRD42020185471。总体研究结果并未为旨在提高表现的正念练习的神经相关性提供强有力的证据，突出了未来研究的必要性。本研究在 PROSPERO 上注册，编号为 CRD42020185471。