Chilling stress is one of the most important factors limiting soybean yield in the temperate climate. It significantly constraints the spatial distribution and agricultural productivity of plants, thereby affecting their growth and development. In this study, to determine the involvement of microRNAs (miRNAs) and their target genes in the chilling resistance of four soybean cultivars (Augusta, Fiskeby V, Toyomusume and Glycine soja) with varying stress susceptibility, 72 small RNA libraries and 24 degradome libraries for high-throughput sequencing were constructed. A total of 321 known miRNAs were identified, and 348 novel miRNAs were predicted in three analysed tissues. Moreover, under stress conditions, the differential expression of 162 known miRNAs, including well-conserved, legume- and soybean-specific miRNAs and 18 novel miRNAs, was found in the four tested cultivars. Degradome analysis allowed to assign the differentially expressed miRNAs to their potential target genes. They were found to be related to plant abiotic stress response mechanisms such as reactive oxygen species scavenging, flavonoid biosynthesis and regulation of osmotic potential based on GO and KEGG annotations. The findings of this study constitute a valuable insight into the function of miRNAs in the chilling resistance of soybean and may provide crucial knowledge in the development of new cultivars.

中文翻译：

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冷胁迫诱导的 4 个耐寒性不同的大豆品种的 miRNA 和降解组变化,冷胁迫诱导的 4 个耐寒性不同的大豆品种的 miRNA 和降解组变化

Chilling stress is one of the most important factors limiting soybean yield in the temperate climate. It significantly constraints the spatial distribution and agricultural productivity of plants, thereby affecting their growth and development. In this study, to determine the involvement of microRNAs (miRNAs) and their target genes in the chilling resistance of four soybean cultivars (Augusta, Fiskeby V, Toyomusume and Glycine soja) 构建了 72 个小 RNA 文库和 24 个用于高通量测序的降解组文库。共鉴定了 321 个已知 miRNA，并在三个分析组织中预测了 348 个新 miRNA。此外，在胁迫条件下，在四个受试品种中发现了 162 种已知 miRNA 的差异表达，包括高度保守的豆类和大豆特异性 miRNA 和 18 种新型 miRNA。降解组分析允许将差异表达的 miRNA 分配给它们的潜在靶基因。发现它们与植物非生物胁迫响应机制有关，例如活性氧清除、黄酮类生物合成和基于 GO 和 KEGG 注释的渗透势调节。,低温胁迫是限制温带气候条件下大豆产量的最重要因素之一。它极大地制约了植物的空间分布和农业生产力，从而影响其生长发育。在这项研究中，为了确定 microRNAs (miRNAs) 及其靶基因在四种大豆品种（Augusta、Fiskeby V、Toyomusume 和Glycine soja) 构建了 72 个小 RNA 文库和 24 个用于高通量测序的降解组文库。共鉴定了 321 个已知 miRNA，并在三个分析组织中预测了 348 个新 miRNA。此外，在胁迫条件下，在四个受试品种中发现了 162 种已知 miRNA 的差异表达，包括高度保守的豆类和大豆特异性 miRNA 和 18 种新型 miRNA。降解组分析允许将差异表达的 miRNA 分配给它们的潜在靶基因。发现它们与植物非生物胁迫响应机制有关，例如活性氧清除、黄酮类生物合成和基于 GO 和 KEGG 注释的渗透势调节。