Geophysical investigations have become standard in archaeological practice to map sites and help select location for excavation, but the application of these techniques in real time during excavation to help anticipate feature location and maximize recovery has not been developed. This paper presents results from both traditional geophysics and new approaches to using these methods during excavations at Rice Farm (9DW276), a Middle Woodland site located in a broad floodplain adjacent to the Etowah River in north Georgia. Ground penetrating radar (GPR) at the surface was effective in recording reflection events indicative of archaeological features, such as hearths, posts and possibly ditches. Magnetometry was helpful, but less effective due to heavy plough zone scarring and noise from modern metallic debris. High-frequency handheld GPR was helpful in monitoring excavations in real time and assisted excavators in anticipating the locations of both large and small diameter features. Excavation of geophysical anomalies exposed important features for the interpretation of this newly documented site.

中文翻译：

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宏观和微观地球物理调查在指导和监测美国佐治亚州北部中林地遗址开挖中的作用

地球物理调查已成为考古实践中的标准，以绘制站点地图并帮助选择挖掘位置，但尚未开发出在挖掘过程中实时应用这些技术以帮助预测特征位置和最大化恢复。本文介绍了在水稻农场 (9DW276) 挖掘过程中传统地球物理学和使用这些方法的新方法的结果，该农场位于乔治亚州北部埃托瓦河附近的宽泛洪泛平原上的中部林地遗址。地表的探地雷达 (GPR) 可有效记录反映考古特征的反射事件，例如壁炉、柱子和可能的沟渠。磁力测量法是有帮助的，但由于严重的犁区疤痕和现代金属碎片的噪音，效果较差。高频手持式 GPR 有助于实时监测挖掘，并协助挖掘机预测大直径和小直径特征的位置。地球物理异常的挖掘揭示了解释这个新记录站点的重要特征。