Abstract:

Fieldwork has been and will continue to be a foundational component in preservation education. It is the means in which preservationists’ study and document a historic resource. Documentation and communication of fieldwork findings are foremost in preservation practice, specifically in the form of historic structures reports, cultural surveys, and most notably in historic preservation architecture—design guidelines. Unlike new design, preservation sets parameters for “appropriateness” in design, which is based on a collected and articulated set of values proposed by a community and compiled by preservation professionals. Although previous design guidelines have been produced as a “one size fits all” document, sadly, this approach fails to note the qualitative aspect prevalent in every historic district. Moreover, design guidelines often do not address theoretical ideas, which have been discussed in academic scholarship. Last, students rarely learn how to use design guidelines in designing within a historic place. This often leads to incongruent and inappropriate design solutions. This article explains how fieldwork was used in a graduate architecture design studio in developing first, a set of design guidelines for Midwestern towns, and, second, how students used these guidelines in developing solutions that met the Secretary of Interior’s Standards for Historic Preservation.

摘要：

实地考察一直并将继续成为保护教育的基础组成部分。它是保护主义者研究和记录历史资源的手段。实地调查结果的记录和交流在保护实践中是最重要的，特别是以历史建筑报告、文化调查的形式，尤其是在历史保护建筑设计指南中。与新设计不同，保护设置了设计“适当性”的参数，它基于社区提出并由保护专业人员汇编的一组收集和明确的价值观。尽管以前的设计指南是作为“一刀切”的文件制作的，但遗憾的是，这种方法未能注意到每个历史街区普遍存在的定性方面。而且，设计指南通常不涉及学术研究中已经讨论过的理论思想。最后，学生很少学习如何在历史悠久的地方进行设计时使用设计指南。这通常会导致不一致和不适当的设计解决方案。本文首先解释了研究生建筑设计工作室如何使用实地考察来开发一套中西部城镇的设计指南，其次，学生如何使用这些指南开发满足内政部历史保护标准的解决方案。