Cavitary retinoblastoma is a rare tumor variant manifesting in the form of ophthalmoscopically visible translucent cavities within the tumor. The pathogenesis of the cavitary variant is unknown. Histopathologically, the cavitary spaces represent photoreceptor differentiation in the areas adjacent to the cavitations, which might explain variable response to chemotherapy with lower risk of reactivation and good prognosis. There is, however, little understanding about its origin, frequency, pathogenesis, and clinical significance. In this systematic review of the literature, we analyze epidemiology, clinical presentation, genetic implications, imaging, and treatment outcomes of various regimens (intravenous, intra-arterial, and focal) in terms of local control, recurrences, and globe salvage rates.

空洞性视网膜母细胞瘤是一种罕见的肿瘤变异，表现为肿瘤内的检眼镜可见半透明空腔。空洞变异的发病机制尚不清楚。组织病理学上，空洞空间代表邻近空洞区域的光感受器分化，这可能解释了对化疗的不同反应，再激活风险较低且预后良好。然而，对其起源、频率、发病机制和临床意义知之甚少。在这篇对文献的系统回顾中，我们从局部控制、复发和全球挽救率方面分析了各种方案（静脉内、动脉内和局灶性）的流行病学、临床表现、遗传影响、影像学和治疗结果。