PURPOSE The aim of this review is to give an overview of the current status of targeted optical fluorescence imaging in the field of oncology, cardiovascular, infectious and inflammatory diseases to further promote clinical translation. METHODS A meta-narrative approach was taken to systematically describe the relevant literature. Consecutively, each field was assigned a developmental stage regarding the clinical implementation of optical fluorescence imaging. RESULTS Optical fluorescence imaging is leaning towards clinical implementation in gastrointestinal and head and neck cancers, closely followed by pulmonary, neuro, breast and gynaecological oncology. In cardiovascular and infectious disease, optical imaging is in a less advanced/proof of concept stage. CONCLUSION Targeted optical fluorescence imaging is rapidly evolving and expanding into the clinic, especially in the field of oncology. However, the imaging modality still has to overcome some major challenges before it can be part of the standard of care in the clinic, such as the provision of pivotal trial data. Intensive multidisciplinary (pre-)clinical joined forces are essential to overcome the delivery of such compelling phase III registration trial data and subsequent regulatory approval and reimbursement hurdles to advance clinical implementation of targeted optical fluorescence imaging as part of standard practice.

中文翻译：

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靶向光学荧光成像：元叙事回顾和未来展望。

目的 本综述的目的是概述靶向光学荧光成像在肿瘤、心血管、感染和炎症疾病领域的现状，以进一步促进临床转化。方法 采用元叙事方法系统地描述相关文献。连续地，每个领域都被分配了一个关于光学荧光成像临床实施的发展阶段。结果光学荧光成像倾向于在胃肠道和头颈癌的临床实施，紧随其后的是肺、神经、乳腺和妇科肿瘤。在心血管和传染病中，光学成像处于不太先进/概念验证阶段。结论 靶向光学荧光成像正在迅速发展并扩展到临床，尤其是在肿瘤学领域。然而，成像模式仍需克服一些重大挑战，才能成为临床护理标准的一部分，例如提供关键试验数据。密集的多学科（预）临床联合力量对于克服提供如此令人信服的 III 期注册试验数据以及随后的监管批准和报销障碍以推进靶向光学荧光成像的临床实施作为标准实践的一部分至关重要。例如提供关键的试验数据。密集的多学科（预）临床联合力量对于克服提供如此令人信服的 III 期注册试验数据以及随后的监管批准和报销障碍以推进靶向光学荧光成像的临床实施作为标准实践的一部分至关重要。例如提供关键的试验数据。密集的多学科（预）临床联合力量对于克服提供如此令人信服的 III 期注册试验数据以及随后的监管批准和报销障碍以推进靶向光学荧光成像的临床实施作为标准实践的一部分至关重要。