OBJECTIVE Sexual violence has substantial mental health effects on survivors around the globe. Although there has been increasing attention to the ways that sociocultural environments can affect survivors' recovery, there has been no review to our knowledge of the specific factors within sociocultural environments that offer risk or protection, or the mechanisms by which these factors affect recovery. METHOD To address this gap, we present a conceptual model supported by a theoretical and empirical review that prioritizes research conducted with ethnic minority and global samples. RESULTS We identify three components of global sociocultural settings-norms, structures, and environmental stressors-that may affect mental health following sexual violence. We propose that these components may affect survivors' mental health by (1) influencing how survivors themselves, survivors' social contexts, and the systems with which survivors come into contact think about and respond to sexual violence, and (2) creating additional sources of stress, burden, or protection for survivors. CONCLUSIONS We argue that future research, practice, and policy could have a greater effect on survivors by attending to sociocultural factors in recovery.

中文翻译：

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社会文化背景对性暴力后心理健康的影响：概念模型。

目标 性暴力对全球幸存者的心理健康产生重大影响。尽管人们越来越关注社会文化环境影响幸存者康复的方式，但尚未审查我们对社会文化环境中提供风险或保护的具体因素或这些因素影响康复的机制的了解。方法 为了解决这一差距，我们提出了一个由理论和实证审查支持的概念模型，该模型优先考虑少数民族和全球样本进行的研究。结果我们确定了全球社会文化环境的三个组成部分——规范、结构和环境压力源——可能影响性暴力后的心理健康。我们认为，这些组成部分可能通过以下方式影响幸存者的心理健康：（1）影响幸存者本身、幸存者的社会背景以及幸存者接触的系统对性暴力的思考和反应，以及（2）创造额外的性暴力来源。对幸存者的压力、负担或保护。结论 我们认为，未来的研究、实践和政策可以通过关注康复过程中的社会文化因素对幸存者产生更大的影响。