Red blood cell (RBC) fatty acids status is used as a biomarker of dietary intake of fats however, there is still a paucity of evidence regarding individual fatty acids and modulation of endogenous advanced glycation end-product (AGE) levels. Due to membrane PUFA being a well-known target for peroxidation, we hypothesized that cellular PUFAs are positively associated with circulatory N ε-carboxymethyllysine (CML) that is also influenced by glyoxal (GO) levels in healthy cohorts. To test this, we investigated the association between RBC fatty acids and circulatory AGEs biomarkers in healthy individuals. The results showed a negative association between saturated fatty acids (SFA) and CML and stepwise multivariate regression analysis indicated stearic acid was negatively associated with CML levels (β = -0.200, p=0.008) after adjusting for age, BMI, and gender. In addition, stearic acid: palmitic acid ratio was also negatively correlated with plasma concentrations of CML (rp= -0.191, p = 0.012) and glucose (rp= -0.288, p = 0.0001). Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) showed a positive association with CML levels particularly, docosapentaenoic acid, γ-Linolenic acid, arachidonic acid, and docosadienoic acid. However, these associations were not evident after the multiple regression analysis adjusted for age, BMI, and gender. A strong negative correlation (rp= -0.98, p< 0.0001) between total PUFA and total SFA was observed. Furthermore, the SFA:PUFA ratio was inversely correlated with CML (rp= -0.227, p< 0.003). Overall, this study indicates that different fats and their combinations may influence the formation of AGEs and that carefully controlled interventions are required to further test this hypothesis.

中文翻译：

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N ε-羧甲基赖氨酸与健康个体中多不饱和和饱和脂肪酸的关联

红细胞 (RBC) 脂肪酸状态被用作膳食脂肪摄入的生物标志物，然而，关于单个脂肪酸和调节内源性晚期糖基化终产物 (AGE) 水平的证据仍然很少。由于膜 PUFA 是众所周知的过氧化靶标，我们假设细胞 PUFA 与循环 N ε-羧甲基赖氨酸 (CML) 呈正相关，而循环 N ε-羧甲基赖氨酸 (CML) 也受健康人群中乙二醛 (GO) 水平的影响。为了测试这一点，我们调查了健康个体中红细胞脂肪酸和循环 AGEs 生物标志物之间的关联。结果显示饱和脂肪酸 (SFA) 与 CML 呈负相关，逐步多元回归分析表明，在调整年龄、BMI、和性别。此外，硬脂酸：棕榈酸的比例也与 CML (rp= -0.191, p = 0.012) 和葡萄糖 (rp= -0.288, p = 0.0001) 的血浆浓度呈负相关。多不饱和脂肪酸 (PUFA) 与 CML 水平呈正相关，特别是二十二碳五烯酸、γ-亚麻酸、花生四烯酸和二十二碳二烯酸。然而，在调整了年龄、BMI 和性别的多元回归分析后，这些关联并不明显。观察到总 PUFA 和总 SFA 之间的强负相关 (rp = -0.98, p＜0.0001)。此外，SFA:PUFA 比率与 CML 呈负相关 (rp= -0.227, p<0.003)。总体，