Historically, intermittent fasting (IF) has been considered as an effective strategy for controlling the weight of athletes before competition. Along with excellent insight into its application in various spaces by numerous studies, increasing IF-mediated positive effects have been reported, including anti-aging, neuroprotection, especially obesity control. Recently, the gut microbiota has been considered as an essential manipulator for host energy metabolism and its structure has been reported to be sensitive to dietary structure and habits, indicating that there is a potential and strong association between IF and gut microbiota. In this paper, we focus on the crosstalk between these symbionts and energy metabolism during IF which hold the promise to optimize host energy metabolism at various physical positions, including adipose tissue, liver and intestines, and further improve milieu internal homeostasis. Moreover, this paper also discusses the positive function of a potential recommendatory strain (Akkermansia muciniphila) based on the observational data for IF-mediated alternated pattern of gut microbiota and a hopefully regulatory pathway (circadian rhythm) for gut microbiota in IF-involved improvement on host energy metabolism. Finally, this review addresses the limitation and perspective originating from these studies, such as the association with tissue-specific bio-clock and single strain research, which may continuously reveal novel viewpoints and mechanisms to understand the energy metabolism and develop new strategies for treating obesity, diabetes, and metabolic disorders.

历史上，间歇性禁食（IF）被认为是赛前控制运动员体重的有效策略。除了通过大量研究深入了解其在各个领域的应用外，还报道了增加 IF 介导的积极作用，包括抗衰老、神经保护，尤其是肥胖控制。最近，肠道微生物群被认为是宿主能量代谢的重要操纵者，据报道其结构对饮食结构和习惯很敏感，表明 IF 与肠道微生物群之间存在潜在的强关联。在本文中，我们关注 IF 期间这些共生体与能量代谢之间的串扰，这有望优化宿主在各种物理位置（包括脂肪组织）的能量代谢，肝脏和肠道，并进一步改善环境内部稳态。此外，本文还讨论了潜在推荐菌株的积极作用（Akkermansia muciniphila）基于 IF 介导的肠道微生物群交替模式的观察数据，以及 IF 中肠道微生物群的调节途径（昼夜节律），涉及宿主能量代谢的改善。最后，这篇综述解决了这些研究的局限性和观点，例如与组织特异性生物钟和单菌株研究的关联，这可能会不断揭示新的观点和机制，以了解能量代谢并开发治疗肥胖的新策略。 、糖尿病和代谢紊乱。