Although parent reactions to children’s negative emotions are important to the development of adolescent social and emotional functioning, there is a lack of research examining this aspect of parenting in samples that include youth with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). This study addresses this gap in the research by examining the independent effects of childhood ADHD symptoms and parent reactions to negative emotions in the longitudinal prediction of adolescent emotion dysregulation and peer problems. A sample of 124 youth (52% female) with and without clinical elevations in ADHD symptoms were assessed in childhood (8–12 years; M = 10.50) and followed up 5–6 years later in adolescence (13–18 years; M = 16.15). Path models tested the direct effects of childhood ADHD symptoms, supportive parent reactions, and non-supportive parent reactions on adolescent peer problems (friendship quality, deviant peer affiliation, peer aggression) and the indirect effects via adolescent emotion dysregulation. Emotion dysregulation mediated the effects of greater ADHD symptoms and of less parent supportive reactions on adolescent peer problems; parent reactions also independently predicted specific adolescent peer problems. Even for youth with clinical elevations in ADHD symptoms, parent reactions to children’s negative emotions may be important in understanding adolescent emotion dysregulation and peer problems.

尽管父母对儿童负面情绪的反应对青少年社交和情绪功能的发展很重要，但缺乏对包括注意力缺陷/多动障碍 (ADHD) 青少年在内的样本进行的育儿方面的研究。本研究通过检查儿童 ADHD 症状和父母对负面情绪的反应在青少年情绪失调和同伴问题的纵向预测中的独立影响来弥补研究中的这一空白。在儿童期（8-12 岁；M  = 10.50）评估了 124 名有或没有 ADHD 症状临床升高的青年（52% 女性）样本，并在 5-6 年后的青春期（13-18 岁；M = 16.15）。路径模型测试了儿童 ADHD 症状、支持性父母反应和非支持性父母反应对青少年同伴问题（友谊质量、异常同伴关系、同伴攻击）的直接影响以及通过青少年情绪失调产生的间接影响。情绪失调介导了更严重的 ADHD 症状和更少的父母支持对青少年同伴问题的影响；父母的反应还可以独立预测特定的青少年同伴问题。即使对于 ADHD 症状临床升高的青少年，父母对儿童负面情绪的反应对于理解青少年情绪失调和同伴问题也很重要。