The numerical simulation of airbags is receiving an increasing attention for the remarkable advantages in terms of cost, efficiency, flexibility and amount of data that can be extracted from the analysis. This work proposes an advanced fluid–structure interaction (FSI) numerical technique for the simulation of airbag deployment. The fluid subproblem, described by weakly compressible Navier–Stokes equations, is solved exploiting the advanced features of the Particle Finite Element Method (PFEM) while the solid subproblem is addressed using standard Finite Element method. A domain decomposition approach with a special treatment of the fluid–structure interface conditions has been implemented to couple fluid and structural solvers allowing for non-conforming meshes at the interface and different time step size in the two subdomains. A peculiar feature of the proposed methodology is the explicit time integration, mandatory for the solution of very fast dynamics problems, like the airbag deployment: an explicit fluid solver is coupled explicitly with an explicit structural solver. The proposed technique is first tested on a inflation of a balloon, showing very good agreements and then it has been applied to the real case of airbag deployment.

安全气囊的数值模拟因其在成本、效率、灵活性和可从分析中提取的数据量方面的显着优势而受到越来越多的关注。这项工作提出了一种先进的流固耦合 (FSI) 数值技术来模拟安全气囊的展开。流体子问题由弱可压缩 Navier-Stokes 方程描述，利用粒子有限元方法 (PFEM) 的高级功能求解，而固体子问题则使用标准有限元方法解决。已经实施了一种对流固界面条件进行特殊处理的域分解方法，以耦合流体和结构求解器，允许界面处的网格不一致以及两个子域中的时间步长不同。所提出的方法的一个特殊特征是显式时间积分，对于解决非常快速的动力学问题（例如安全气囊展开）是必需的：显式流体求解器与显式结构求解器显式耦合。所提出的技术首先在气球充气上进行测试，显示出非常好的一致性，然后它已应用于安全气囊部署的真实案例。