The control of levitated nano- and micro-objects in vacuum—which capitalizes on scientific achievements in the fields of atomic physics, control theory, and optomechanics—is of considerable interest. The ability to couple the motion of levitated systems to internal degrees of freedom, as well as to external forces and systems, provides opportunities for science and technology. Attractive research directions, ranging from fundamental quantum physics to commercial sensors, have been unlocked by the many recent experimental achievements, including motional ground-state cooling of an optically levitated nanoparticle. Here we review the status, challenges, and prospects of levitodynamics, the multidisciplinary research area devoted to understanding, controlling, and using levitated nano- and micro-objects in vacuum.

中文翻译：

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悬浮动力学：真空中微观物体的悬浮和控制

利用原子物理学、控制理论和光力学领域的科学成就，对真空中悬浮的纳米和微型物体的控制具有相当大的兴趣。将悬浮系统的运动与内部自由度以及外力和系统耦合的能力为科学和技术提供了机会。从基础量子物理学到商业传感器，有吸引力的研究方向已经被许多最近的实验成果解锁，包括光学悬浮纳米粒子的运动基态冷却。在这里，我们回顾了悬浮动力学的现状、挑战和前景，这是一个致力于理解、控制和使用真空中悬浮纳米和微型物体的多学科研究领域。