Ten millennia of hepatitis B virus evolution,Science

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Ten millennia of hepatitis B virus evolution
Science ( IF 44.7 ) Pub Date : 2021-10-08 , DOI: 10.1126/science.abi5658
Arthur Kocher _{1,

2,

3} , Luka Papac _{2,

3} , Rodrigo Barquera _{2,

3} , Felix M Key _{2,

4} , Maria A Spyrou _{2,

3,

5} , Ron Hübler ₂ , Adam B Rohrlach _{2,

3,

6} , Franziska Aron ₂ , Raphaela Stahl ₂ , Antje Wissgott ₂ , Florian van Bömmel ₇ , Maria Pfefferkorn ₇ , Alissa Mittnik _{2,

8,

9} , Vanessa Villalba-Mouco _{2,

10} , Gunnar U Neumann _{2,

3} , Maïté Rivollat _{2,

11} , Marieke S van de Loosdrecht ₂ , Kerttu Majander _{2,

12} , Rezeda I Tukhbatova _{2,

13} , Lyazzat Musralina _{2,

3,

14,

15} , Ayshin Ghalichi _{2,

3} , Sandra Penske _{2,

3} , Susanna Sabin ₂ , Megan Michel _{2,

3,

9} , Joscha Gretzinger _{2,

3} , Elizabeth A Nelson ₂ , Tiago Ferraz _{2,

16} , Kathrin Nägele _{2,

3} , Cody Parker _{2,

17} , Marcel Keller _{2,

18} , Evelyn K Guevara _{2,

19} , Michal Feldman _{2,

5} , Stefanie Eisenmann _{2,

3} , Eirini Skourtanioti _{2,

3} , Karen Giffin _{2,

3} , Guido Alberto Gnecchi-Ruscone _{2,

3} , Susanne Friederich ₂₀ , Vittoria Schimmenti ₂₁ , Valery Khartanovich ₂₂ , Marina K Karapetian ₂₃ , Mikhail S Chaplygin ₂₄ , Vladimir V Kufterin ₂₅ , Aleksandr A Khokhlov ₂₆ , Andrey A Chizhevsky ₂₇ , Dmitry A Stashenkov ₂₈ , Anna F Kochkina ₂₈ , Cristina Tejedor-Rodríguez ₂₉ , Íñigo García-Martínez de Lagrán ₃₀ , Héctor Arcusa-Magallón ₃₁ , Rafael Garrido-Pena ₃₂ , José Ignacio Royo-Guillén ₃₃ , Jan Nováček _{34,

35} , Stéphane Rottier ₁₁ , Sacha Kacki _{11,

36} , Sylvie Saintot ₃₇ , Elena Kaverzneva ₃₈ , Andrej B Belinskiy ₃₉ , Petr Velemínský ₄₀ , Petr Limburský ₄₁ , Michal Kostka ₄₂ , Louise Loe ₄₃ , Elizabeth Popescu ₄₄ , Rachel Clarke ₄₄ , Alice Lyons ₄₄ , Richard Mortimer ₄₄ , Antti Sajantila _{19,

45} , Yadira Chinique de Armas ₄₆ , Silvia Teresita Hernandez Godoy _{47,

48} , Diana I Hernández-Zaragoza _{49,

50} , Jessica Pearson ₅₁ , Didier Binder ₅₂ , Philippe Lefranc ₅₃ , Anatoly R Kantorovich ₅₄ , Vladimir E Maslov ₅₅ , Luca Lai _{56,

57} , Magdalena Zoledziewska ₅₈ , Jessica F Beckett ₅₉ , Michaela Langová ₄₁ , Alžběta Danielisová ₄₁ , Tara Ingman ₆₀ , Gabriel García Atiénzar ₆₁ , Maria Paz de Miguel Ibáñez ₆₁ , Alejandro Romero _{61,

62} , Alessandra Sperduti _{63,

64} , Sophie Beckett _{65,

66,

67} , Susannah J Salter _{65,

68} , Emma D Zilivinskaya ₂₅ , Dmitry V Vasil'ev ₆₉ , Kristin von Heyking ₇₀ , Richard L Burger ₇₁ , Lucy C Salazar ₇₁ , Luc Amkreutz ₇₂ , Masnav Navruzbekov ₇₃ , Eva Rosenstock ₇₄ , Carmen Alonso-Fernández ₇₅ , Vladimir Slavchev ₇₆ , Alexey A Kalmykov ₃₉ , Biaslan Ch Atabiev ₇₇ , Elena Batieva ₇₈ , Micaela Alvarez Calmet ₇₉ , Bastien Llamas _{80,

81,

82} , Michael Schultz _{83,

84} , Raiko Krauß ₈₅ , Javier Jiménez-Echevarría ₇₅ , Michael Francken ₈₆ , Svetlana Shnaider ₈₇ , Peter de Knijff ₈₈ , Eveline Altena ₈₈ , Katrien Van de Vijver _{89,

90,

91} , Lars Fehren-Schmitz _{92,

93} , Tiffiny A Tung ₉₄ , Sandra Lösch ₉₅ , Maria Dobrovolskaya ₅₅ , Nikolaj Makarov ₅₅ , Chris Read ₉₆ , Melanie Van Twest ₆₅ , Claudia Sagona ₉₇ , Peter C Ramsl ₉₈ , Murat Akar ₉₉ , K Aslihan Yener ₁₀₀ , Eduardo Carmona Ballestero _{101,

102} , Francesco Cucca _{58,

103} , Vittorio Mazzarello ₁₀₃ , Pilar Utrilla ₁₀₄ , Kurt Rademaker ₁₀₅ , Eva Fernández-Domínguez ₃₆ , Douglas Baird ₅₁ , Patrick Semal ₈₉ , Lourdes Márquez-Morfín ₁₀₆ , Mirjana Roksandic _{46,

107,

108} , Hubert Steiner ₁₀₉ , Domingo Carlos Salazar-García _{110,

111,

112} , Natalia Shishlina _{22,

38} , Yilmaz Selim Erdal ₁₁₃ , Fredrik Hallgren ₁₁₄ , Yavor Boyadzhiev ₁₁₅ , Kamen Boyadzhiev ₁₁₅ , Mario Küßner ₃₄ , Duncan Sayer ₁₁₆ , Päivi Onkamo _{117,

118} , Robin Skeates ₃₆ , Manuel Rojo-Guerra ₂₉ , Alexandra Buzhilova ₂₃ , Elmira Khussainova ₁₅ , Leyla B Djansugurova ₁₅ , Arman Z Beisenov ₁₁₉ , Zainolla Samashev _{120,

121} , Ken Massy ₁₂₂ , Marcello Mannino _{123,

124} , Vyacheslav Moiseyev ₂₂ , Kristiina Mannermaa ₁₂₅ , Oleg Balanovsky _{126,

127,

128} , Marie-France Deguilloux ₁₁ , Sabine Reinhold ₁₂₉ , Svend Hansen ₁₂₉ , Egor P Kitov _{25,

119} , Miroslav Dobeš ₄₁ , Michal Ernée ₄₁ , Harald Meller ₂₀ , Kurt W Alt _{130,

131,

132} , Kay Prüfer _{2,

3} , Christina Warinner _{2,

3,

133} , Stephan Schiffels _{2,

3} , Philipp W Stockhammer _{2,

3,

122} , Kirsten Bos _{2,

3} , Cosimo Posth _{2,

5} , Alexander Herbig _{2,

3} , Wolfgang Haak _{2,

3,

134} , Johannes Krause _{2,

3} , Denise Kühnert _{1,

2,

3,

135}

Affiliation

Transmission, Infection, Diversification and Evolution Group, Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History, 07745 Jena, Germany.
Department of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History, 07745 Jena, Germany.
Department of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.
Max Planck Institute for Infection Biology, 10117 Berlin, Germany.
Archaeo- and Palaeogenetics group, Institute for Archaeological Sciences, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, 72070 Tübingen, Germany.
ARC Centre of Excellence for Mathematical and Statistical Frontiers, School of Mathematical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia.
Division of Hepatology, Department of Medicine II, Leipzig University Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany.
Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Department of Human Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.
Institute of Evolutionary Biology, CSIC-Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain.
Université de Bordeaux, CNRS, PACEA UMR 5199, Pessac, France.
Institute of Evolutionary Medicine (IEM), University of Zürich, 8057 Zürich, Switzerland.
Laboratory of Structural Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia.
Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Kazakhstan.
Institute of Genetics and Physiology, 050060 Almaty, Kazakhstan.
Departmento de Genética e Biologia Evolutiva, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
Arizona State University School of Human Evolution and Social Change, Tempe Arizona, USA.
Estonian Biocentre, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia.
Department of Forensic Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
State Office for Heritage Management and Archaeology Saxony-Anhalt and State Museum of Prehistory, D-06114 Halle, Germany.
Museo Archeologico Regionale "Antonino Salinas", 90133 Palermo, Italy.
Peter the Great Museum of Anthropology and Ethnography (Kunstkamera) RAS, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia.
Anuchin Research Institute and Museum of Anthropology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia.
Sterlitamak Museum of Local History, Sterlitamak, Russia.
Institute of Ethnology and Anthropology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia.
Samara State University of Social Sciences and Education, Samara, Russia.
Institute of Archaeology named after A. Kh. Khalikov, Tatarstan Academy of Sciences, Kazan, Russia.
Samara Museum for Historical and Regional Studies named after P. V. Alabin, Samara, Russia.
Department of Prehistory and Archaeology, Faculty of Philosophy and Letters, University of Valladolid, Spain.
Department of Prehistory and Archaeology, National Distance Education University (UNED), Madrid, Spain.
Private Technical Archaeologist, 50196 La Muela, Spain.
Department of Prehistory and Archaeology, Faculty of Philosophy and Letters, Autonomous University of Madrid, Spain.
Technical Archaeologist, Government of Aragón, Spain.
Thuringian State Office for Heritage Management and Archaeology, 99423 Weimar, Germany.
University Medical School Göttingen, Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, 37075 Göttingen, Germany.
Department of Archaeology, Durham University, South Road, Durham. DH1 3LE. UK.
INRAP, ARAR UMR 5138, Maison de l'Orient et de la Méditerranée, Lyon, France.
State Historical Museum, Moscow, Russia.
Nasledie Cultural Heritage Unit, 355006 Stavropol, Russia.
Department of Anthropology, The National Museum, Prague, Czech Republic.
Institute of Archaeology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic.
The City of Prague Museum, Prague, Czech Republic.
Oxford Archaeology South, Janus House, Osney Mead, Oxford, OX2 0ES, UK.
Oxford Archaeology East, Bar Hill, Cambridge, CB23 8SQ, UK.
Forensic Medicine Unit, Finnish Institute of Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland.
Department of Anthropology, University of Winnipeg, Winnipeg, MB, Canada.
Grupo de Investigación y Desarrollo, Dirección Provincial de Cultura, Matanzas, Cuba.
Universidad de Matanzas, Matanzas, Cuba.
Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Escuela Nacional de Antropología e Historia (ENAH), Mexico City, Mexico.
Immunogenetics Unit, Técnicas Genéticas Aplicadas a la Clínica (TGAC), Mexico City, Mexico.
Department of Archaeology, Classics and Egyptology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7WZ, UK.
Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, CEPAM UMR 7264, Nice, France.
Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, Archimède UMR 7044, Strasbourg, France.
Department of Archaeology, Faculty of History, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119192 Moscow, Russia.
Institute of Archaeology, Russian Academy of Sciences, , Moscow 117292, Russia.
Department of Anthropology, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA.
Department of Anthropology, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC, USA.
Istituto di Ricerca Genetica e Biomedica-CNR, Monserrato, Italy.
Private contractor, Cagliari, Sardinia, Italy.
Koç University, Research Center for Anatolian Civilizations, Istanbul 34433, Turkey.
Institute for Research in Archaeology and Historical Heritage (INAPH), University of Alicante, 03690, Alicante, Spain.
Departamento de Biotecnología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Alicante, 03690, Alicante, Spain.
Bioarchaeology Service, Museum of Civilizations, Rome, Italy.
Dipartimento Asia Africa e Mediterraneo, Università di Napoli L'Orientale, Napoli, Italy.
Sedgeford Historical and Archaeological Research Project, Old Village Hall, Sedgeford, Hunstanton PE36 5LS, UK.
Melbourne Dental School, University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010 Australia.
Cranfield Forensic Institute, Cranfield Defence and Security, Cranfield University, College Road, Cranfield, MK43 0AL, UK.
Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0ES, UK.
Astrakhan State University, Astrakhan, Russia.
SNSB, State Collection for Anthropology and Palaeoanatomy, 80333 Munich, Germany.
Department of Anthropology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA.
National Museum of Antiquities, 2301 EC Leiden, Netherlands.
Institute of History, Archaeology and Ethnography, Dushanbe, Tajikistan.
Freie Universität Berlin, Einstein Center Chronoi, 14195 Berlin, Germany.
Cronos S.C. Arqueología y Patrimonio, Burgos, Spain.
Regional Historical Museum Varna, Varna, BG-9000, Bulgaria.
Institute for Caucasus Archaeology, 361401 Nalchik, Republic Kabardino-Balkaria, Russia.
Azov History, Archaeology and Palaeontology Museum-Reserve, Azov 346780, Russia.
Museo de Sitio Pucllana, s/n Miraflores, 18 Lima, Peru.
Australian Centre for Ancient DNA, School of Biological Sciences and The Environment Institute, Adelaide University, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia.
Centre of Excellence for Australian Biodiversity and Heritage (CABAH), University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia.
National Centre for Indigenous Genomics, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia.
University Medical School Göttingen, Institute of Anatomy and Embryology, 37075 Göttingen, Germany.
Institute of Biology, University of Hildeshein, Germany.
Institute for Prehistory, Early History and Medieval Archaeology, University of Tübingen, 72070 Tübingen, Germany.
State Office for Cultural Heritage Baden-Württemberg, 78467 Konstanz, Germany.
ArchaeoZoology in Siberia and Central Asia-ZooSCAn, CNRS-IAET SB RAS International Research Laboratory, IRL 2013, Novosibirsk, Russia.
Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, 2333 ZC, Netherlands.
Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, Brussels, Belgium.
Center for Archaeological Sciences, University of Leuven, Belgium.
Dienst Archeologie-Stad Mechelen, Belgium.
UCSC Paleogenomics Laboratory, Department of Anthropology, University of California at Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA.
UCSC Genomics Institute, University of California at Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA.
Department of Anthropology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA.
Department of Physical Anthropology, Institute of Forensic Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
Applied Archaeology School of Science, Institute of Technology Sligo, Ireland.
School of Historical and Philosophical Studies, University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia.
Institute of Prehistoric and Historical Archaeology, University of Vienna, Austria.
Department of Archaeology, Hatay Mustafa Kemal University, Alahan-Antakya, Hatay 31060, Turkey.
Institute for the Study of the Ancient World (ISAW), New York University, New York, NY 10028, USA.
Territorial Service of Culture and Tourism from Valladolid, Castilla y León Regional Government, C/ San Lorenzo, 5, 47001, Valladolid, Spain.
Department of History, Geography and Comunication, University of Burgos, Paseo de Comendadores, s/n 09001 Burgos (Burgos), Spain.
Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Università di Sassari, Sassari, Italy.
Área de Prehistoria, P3A DGA Research Group, IPH, University of Zaragoza, C/ Pedro Cerbuna 12, 50009, Zaragoza, Spain.
Department of Anthropology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA.
Osteology Laboratory, Post Graduate Studies Division, Escuela Nacional de Antropología e Historia (ENAH), Mexico City, Mexico.
Caribbean Research Institute, Univeristy of Winnipeg, Winnipeg, MB, Canada.
DFG Center for Advanced Studies "Words, Bones, Genes, Tools," University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.
South Tyrol Provincial Heritage Service, South Tyrol, Italy.
Grupo de Investigación en Prehistoria IT-1223-19 (UPV-EHU)/IKERBASQUE-Basque Foundation for Science, Vitoria, Spain.
Departament de Prehistòria, Arqueologia i Història Antiga, Universitat de València, València, Spain.
Department of Geological Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
Human_G Laboratory, Department of Anthropology, Hacettepe University, Ankara 06800, Turkey.
The Cultural Heritage Foundation, 722 12 Västerås, Sweden.
National Archaeological Institute with Museum at the Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia 1000, Bulgaria.
School of Natural Sciences, University of Central Lancashire, Preston, UK.
Department of Biosciences, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland.
Department of Biology, University of Turku, 20500 Turku, Finland.
Institute of archaeology named after A. Kh. Margulan, 44 Almaty, Kazakhstan.
Branch of Institute of Archaeology named after A.Kh. Margulan, 24 of 511 Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan.
State Historical and Cultural Museum-Reserve "Berel," Katon-Karagay district, East Kazakhstan region, Kazakhstan.
Institut für Vor- und Frühgeschichtliche Archäologie und Provinzialrömische Archäologie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 80539 Munich, Germany.
Department of Archeology and Heritage Studies, Aarhus University, 8270 Højbjerg, Denmark.
Department of Human Evolution, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, 04103 Leipzig Germany.
Department of Cultures, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland.
Research Centre for Medical Genetics, Moscow, Russia.
Biobank of North Eurasia, Moscow, Russia.
Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, Moscow, Russia.
Eurasia Department, German Archaeological Institute, Berlin, Germany.
Danube Private University, Center of Natural and Cultural Human History, A - 3500 Krems-Stein, Austria.
Integrative Prehistory and Archaeological Science, Spalenring 145, CH-4055 Basel, Switzerland.
Department of Biomedical Engineering (DBE), Universitätsspital Basel (HFZ), CH-4123 Allschwil, Switzerland.
Department of Anthropology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.
School of Biological Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, 5005, Australia.
European Virus Bioinformatics Center (EVBC), Jena, Germany.

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) has been infecting humans for millennia and remains a global health problem, but its past diversity and dispersal routes are largely unknown. We generated HBV genomic data from 137 Eurasians and Native Americans dated between ~10,500 and ~400 years ago. We date the most recent common ancestor of all HBV lineages to between ~20,000 and 12,000 years ago, with the virus present in European and South American hunter-gatherers during the early Holocene. After the European Neolithic transition, Mesolithic HBV strains were replaced by a lineage likely disseminated by early farmers that prevailed throughout western Eurasia for ~4000 years, declining around the end of the 2nd millennium BCE. The only remnant of this prehistoric HBV diversity is the rare genotype G, which appears to have reemerged during the HIV pandemic.

中文翻译：

一千年的乙肝病毒进化史

乙型肝炎病毒 (HBV) 已经感染人类数千年，并且仍然是一个全球性的健康问题，但其过去的多样性和传播途径在很大程度上是未知的。我们从约 10,500 至约 400 年前的 137 名欧亚人和美洲原住民中生成了 HBV 基因组数据。我们将所有 HBV 谱系的最近共同祖先的日期定在约 20,000 到 12,000 年前，在全新世早期，该病毒存在于欧洲和南美的狩猎采集者中。在欧洲新石器时代过渡之后，中石器时代的 HBV 毒株被早期农民传播的一个谱系所取代，该谱系在整个欧亚大陆西部盛行了约 4000 年，在公元前 2 世纪末左右下降。这种史前 HBV 多样性的唯一残余是罕见的基因型 G，它似乎在 HIV 大流行期间重新出现。

更新日期：2021-10-08

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