Continuous monitoring of physical signals such as stress and strain plays a crucial role in Internet of Thing and artificial intelligence, thus flexible mechanical sensors gain increasing attention due to their enormous application potential in wearable electronics, soft robots, human-machine interfaces, etc. Recently, significant progress has been made in mechanical sensors for trading off high sensitivity and wide range for low dimensional strain/force sensors, yet it is still of significant challenge to discriminate complicated three-dimensional (3D) mechanical signals in practical applications. Herein, a novel wearable film sensor capable of sensing multi-directional mechanical stimuli is developed by coating MXene onto low-entropy structured piezoelectric poly(vinylene fluoride-trifluoroethylene) (PVDF-TrFE) mat composed of aligned nanofibers. The resultant functional fiber mats give rise to an anisotropic in-plane conductive network for 2D in-plane strain sensing, and oriented ferroelectric crystals in nanofibers with piezoelectricity allow for out-of-plane dynamic pressure detection. Besides, the all-in-one flexible anisotropic sensor shows linear sensing properties and high sensitivities both in the plane strain and out of the plane pressure due to piezoresistive and piezoelectric mechanisms, respectively. Such sensors can effectively distinguish multi-directional mechanical stimuli for potential applications in human machine interfaces, healthcare, entertainment and other systems.

压力和应变等物理信号的持续监测在物联网和人工智能中起着至关重要的作用，因此柔性机械传感器因其在可穿戴电子产品、软机器人、人机界面等方面的巨大应用潜力而受到越来越多的关注。 ，在为低维应变/力传感器权衡高灵敏度和宽范围的机械传感器方面取得了重大进展，但在实际应用中区分复杂的三维（3D）机械信号仍然是一个重大挑战。在此，通过将 MXene 涂覆到由排列的纳米纤维组成的低熵结构压电聚（偏二氟乙烯-三氟乙烯）（PVDF-TrFE）垫上，开发了一种能够感知多向机械刺激的新型可穿戴薄膜传感器。由此产生的功能性纤维垫产生了用于 2D 面内应变传感的各向异性面内导电网络，并且具有压电性的纳米纤维中的定向铁电晶体允许面外动态压力检测。此外，由于压阻和压电机制，一体式柔性各向异性传感器分别在平面应变和平面外压力中显示出线性传感特性和高灵敏度。这种传感器可以有效区分多向机械刺激，用于人机界面、医疗保健、娱乐和其他系统的潜在应用。具有压电性的纳米纤维中的定向铁电晶体允许面外动态压力检测。此外，由于压阻和压电机制，一体式柔性各向异性传感器分别在平面应变和平面外压力中显示出线性传感特性和高灵敏度。这种传感器可以有效区分多向机械刺激，用于人机界面、医疗保健、娱乐和其他系统的潜在应用。具有压电性的纳米纤维中的定向铁电晶体允许面外动态压力检测。此外，由于压阻和压电机制，一体式柔性各向异性传感器分别在平面应变和平面外压力中显示出线性传感特性和高灵敏度。这种传感器可以有效区分多向机械刺激，用于人机界面、医疗保健、娱乐和其他系统的潜在应用。