Migrant populations are one of several underimmunised groups in the EU or European Economic Area (EU/EEA), yet little is known about their involvement in outbreaks of vaccine-preventable diseases. This information is vital to develop targeted strategies to improve the health of diverse migrant communities. We did a systematic review (PROSPERO CRD42019157473; Jan 1, 2000, to May 22, 2020) adhering to PRISMA guidelines, to identify studies on vaccine-preventable disease outbreaks (measles, mumps, rubella, diphtheria, pertussis, polio, hepatitis A, varicella, , and ) involving migrants residing in the EU/EEA and Switzerland. We identified 45 studies, reporting on 47 distinct vaccine-preventable disease outbreaks across 13 countries. Most reported outbreaks involving migrants were of measles (n=24; 6496 cases), followed by varicella (n=11; 505 cases), hepatitis A (n=7; 1356 cases), rubella (n=3; 487 cases), and mumps (n=2; 293 cases). 19 (40%) outbreaks, predominantly varicella and measles, were reported in temporary refugee camps or shelters. Of 11 varicella outbreaks, nine (82%) were associated with adult migrants. Half of measles outbreaks (n=11) were associated with migrants from eastern European countries. In conclusion, migrants are involved in vaccine-preventable disease outbreaks in Europe, with adult and child refugees residing in shelters or temporary camps at particular risk, alongside specific nationality groups. Vulnerability varies by disease, setting, and demographics, highlighting the importance of tailoring catch-up vaccination interventions to specific groups in order to meet regional and global vaccination targets as recommended by the new Immunisation Agenda 2030 framework for action. A better understanding of vaccine access and intent in migrant groups and a greater focus on co-designing interventions is urgently needed, with direct implications for COVID-19 vaccine delivery.

中文翻译：

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欧洲疫苗可预防疾病的迁移和爆发：系统评价


移民人口是欧盟或欧洲经济区 (EU/EEA) 的几个免疫不足群体之一，但人们对他们参与疫苗可预防疾病爆发的情况知之甚少。这些信息对于制定有针对性的战略以改善多元化移民社区的健康至关重要。我们遵循 PRISMA 指南进行了系统评价（PROSPERO CRD42019157473；2000 年 1 月 1 日至 2020 年 5 月 22 日），以确定有关疫苗可预防疾病爆发（麻疹、腮腺炎、风疹、白喉、百日咳、脊髓灰质炎、甲型肝炎、水痘、 和 ) 涉及居住在欧盟/欧洲经济区和瑞士的移民。我们确定了 45 项研究，报告了 13 个国家的 47 种不同的疫苗可预防疾病的爆发。大多数报告的涉及移民的疫情是麻疹（n=24；6496 例），其次是水痘（n=11；505 例）、甲型肝炎（n=7；1356 例）、风疹（n=3；487 例）、和腮腺炎（n=2；293 例）。据报告，临时难民营或庇护所爆发了 19 起疫情（40%），主要是水痘和麻疹。在 11 起水痘疫情中，9 起（82%）与成年移民有关。一半的麻疹疫情（n=11）与来自东欧国家的移民有关。总之，移民卷入了欧洲疫苗可预防疾病的爆发，居住在避难所或临时营地的成人和儿童难民以及特定国籍群体面临着特别高的风险。脆弱性因疾病、环境和人口统计而异，凸显了针对特定群体制定补种疫苗接种干预措施的重要性，以实现新的《2030 年免疫议程》行动框架建议的区域和全球疫苗接种目标。 迫切需要更好地了解移民群体的疫苗获取和意图，并更加注重共同设计干预措施，这对 COVID-19 疫苗的交付产生直接影响。