In this study, we applied a flexible strategy to manufacture a microalgal biochar-based membrane (MBCM). Due to the hierarchical surface topography on a micro-nano scale, the MBCM was found to have both underwater superoleophobic and underoil superhydrophobic properties. Combining an underoil superhydrophobic oil-containing region (OCR) with an underwater superoleophobic water-containing region (WCR) achieved the successive filtration of multiphase emulsions. The MBCM also served as a high-performance carbocatalyst for advanced oxidation processes (AOPs), due to the N functionalities (5.08%) of the graphene-like structure. This was caused by the high-temperature pyrolysis of rich proteins and alkaline salts in the algal residue. As a result, the MBCM/AOPs system achieved greater than 99.5% emulsions separation efficiency in different emulsion mixtures, while also achieving an outstanding degradation rate (99.8%) of soluble organic contaminants (SOCs). This in-depth exploration resulted in a low-cost and green strategy for developing multifunctional membranes to treat complex wastewater. The paper explains the mechanisms used by MBCM to synchronously remove emulsions and SOCs from wastewater.

在这项研究中，我们应用了一种灵活的策略来制造基于微藻生物炭的膜 (MBCM)。由于微纳米尺度上的分层表面形貌，MBCM被发现同时具有水下超疏油性和油下超疏水性。将油底超疏水含油区 (OCR) 与水下超疏油含水区 (WCR) 相结合，实现了多相乳液的连续过滤。由于石墨烯类结构的 N 官能度 (5.08%)，MBCM 还用作高级氧化过程 (AOP) 的高性能碳催化剂。这是由于藻渣中富含蛋白质和碱性盐的高温热解引起的。结果，MBCM/AOPs 系统达到了 99 以上。不同乳液混合物中的乳液分离效率为 5%，同时还实现了出色的可溶性有机污染物 (SOC) 降解率 (99.8%)。这种深入探索导致了开发多功能膜以处理复杂废水的低成本和绿色策略。该论文解释了 MBCM 用于同步去除废水中的乳液和 SOC 的机制。