Whether state officials enjoy functional immunity under customary international law, in foreign proceedings for crimes under customary international law, is a question of central importance for the effective enforcement of international criminal law stricto sensu. This legal issue has recently attracted significant attention because of the work of the International Law Commission (ILC) on the topic, ‘Immunity of State Officials from foreign criminal jurisdiction’. Current ILC Draft Article 7 states that functional immunity does not apply in relation to, inter alia, genocide, crimes against humanity, and war crimes. Draft Article 7 has, however, remained controversial within and outside the ILC. According to one view, Draft Article 7, even to the extent that it relates to crimes under customary international law, does not reflect existing customary international law. Pursuant to this position, state officials enjoy functional immunity in foreign proceedings even in such instances and the practical effect of this position is indeed significant.

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外国官员在国家法院面前的功能豁免德国联邦总检察长的法律意见

国家官员在习惯国际法下的罪行的外国诉讼中是否享有习惯国际法下的职能豁免，对于严格意义上的国际刑法的有效执行是一个至关重要的问题。由于国际法委员会 (ILC) 在“国家官员的外国刑事管辖豁免”主题上的工作，这个法律问题最近引起了极大的关注。目前的国际法委员会第 7 条草案规定，功能豁免不适用于种族灭绝、危害人类罪和战争罪等。然而，第 7 条草案在国际法委员会内外仍然存在争议。一种观点认为，即使第 7 条草案涉及习惯国际法下的罪行，不反映现有的习惯国际法。根据这一立场，即使在这种情况下，国家官员在外国诉讼中也享有职能豁免，这一立场的实际效果确实很重要。