Growth hormone receptor knockout (GHRKO) mice are smaller, long living, and have an increased metabolic rate compared with normal (N) littermates. However, it is known that thermoneutral conditions (30–32°C) elicit metabolic adaptations in mice, increasing the metabolic rate. Therefore, we hypothesized that environmental temperature would affect the expression profile of different adipose tissue depots in GHRKO mice. For this, N (n = 12) and GHRKO (n = 11) male mice were maintained at 23 or 30°C from weaning until 11 months of age. RNA sequencing from adipose tissue depots (epididymal—eWAT, perirenal—pWAT, subcutaneous—sWAT, and brown fat—BAT) was performed. Thermoneutrality increased body weight gain in GHRKO mice, but not in N mice. Only a few genes were commonly regulated by temperature in N and GHRKO mice. The BAT was the most responsive to changes in temperature in both N and GHRKO mice. BAT Ucp1 and Ucp3 expression were decreased to a similar extent in both N and GHRKO mice under thermoneutrality. In contrast, eWAT was mostly unresponsive to changes in temperature. The response to thermoneutrality in GHRKO mice was most divergent from N mice in sWAT. Relative weight of sWAT was almost 4 times greater in GHRKO mice. Very few genes were regulated in N mice sWAT when compared with GHRKO mice. This suggests that this WAT depot has a central role in the adaptation of GHRKO mice to changes in temperature.

中文翻译：

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生长激素信号影响环境温度对雄性小鼠不同脂肪组织库转录组学特征的影响

与正常 (N) 同窝小鼠相比，生长激素受体敲除 (GHRKO) 小鼠体型更小、寿命更长，并且代谢率更高。然而，众所周知，热中性条件 (30–32°C) 会引起小鼠的代谢适应，从而提高代谢率。因此，我们假设环境温度会影响 GHRKO 小鼠中不同脂肪组织库的表达谱。为此，N（n = 12）和 GHRKO（n = 11）雄性小鼠从断奶到 11 个月大时一直保持在 23 或 30°C。对脂肪组织库（附睾-eWAT、肾周-pWAT、皮下-sWAT 和棕色脂肪-BAT）进行 RNA 测序。热中性会增加 GHRKO 小鼠的体重增加，但不会增加 N 小鼠的体重。在 N 和 GHRKO 小鼠中，只有少数基因通常受温度调节。BAT 对 N 和 GHRKO 小鼠的温度变化最敏感。在热中性条件下，BAT Ucp1 和 Ucp3 表达在 N 和 GHRKO 小鼠中的降低程度相似。相比之下，eWAT 大多对温度变化没有反应。GHRKO 小鼠对热中性的反应与 sWAT 中的 N 小鼠差异最大。在 GHRKO 小鼠中，sWAT 的相对重量几乎增加了 4 倍。与 GHRKO 小鼠相比，N 小鼠 sWAT 中很少有基因受到调节。这表明这个 WAT 库在 GHRKO 小鼠适应温度变化中起着核心作用。GHRKO 小鼠对热中性的反应与 sWAT 中的 N 小鼠差异最大。在 GHRKO 小鼠中，sWAT 的相对重量几乎增加了 4 倍。与 GHRKO 小鼠相比，N 小鼠 sWAT 中很少有基因受到调节。这表明这个 WAT 库在 GHRKO 小鼠适应温度变化中起着核心作用。GHRKO 小鼠对热中性的反应与 sWAT 中的 N 小鼠差异最大。在 GHRKO 小鼠中，sWAT 的相对重量几乎增加了 4 倍。与 GHRKO 小鼠相比，N 小鼠 sWAT 中很少有基因受到调节。这表明这个 WAT 库在 GHRKO 小鼠适应温度变化中起着核心作用。