Visual perception of surfaces is of utmost importance in everyday life. Therefore, it comes naturally, that different surface structures evoke different visual impressions in the viewer even if the material underlying these surface structures is the same. This topic is especially virulent for manufacturing processes in which more than one stakeholder is involved, but where the final product needs to meet certain criteria. A common practice to address such slight but perceivable differences in the visual appearance of structured surfaces is that trained evaluators assess the samples and assign a pass or fail. However, this process is both time consuming and cost intensive. Thus, we conducted two studies to analyze the relationship between physical surface structure parameters and participants visual assessment of the samples. With the first experiment, we aimed at uncovering a relationship between physical roughness parameters and visual lightness perception while the second experiment was designed to test participants' discrimination sensitivity across the range of stimuli. Perceived lightness and the measured surface roughness were nonlinearly related to the surface structure. Additionally, we found a linear relationship between the engraving parameter and physical brightness. Surface structure was an ideal predictor for perceived lightness and participants discriminated equally well across the entire range of surface structures.

中文翻译：

---

结构化表面的亮度感知

表面的视觉感知在日常生活中至关重要。因此，很自然地，不同的表面结构会在观看者中唤起不同的视觉印象，即使这些表面结构下面的材料是相同的。该主题对于涉及多个利益相关者但最终产品需要满足某些标准的制造过程尤其有害。解决结构化表面视觉外观中这种轻微但可察觉的差异的常见做法是，训练有素的评估人员评估样品并分配通过或失败。然而，这个过程既费时又费钱。因此，我们进行了两项研究来分析物理表面结构参数与参与者对样品的视觉评估之间的关系。在第一个实验中，我们旨在揭示物理粗糙度参数和视觉亮度感知之间的关系，而第二个实验旨在测试参与者在刺激范围内的辨别敏感度。感知亮度和测量的表面粗糙度与表面结构呈非线性关系。此外，我们发现雕刻参数和物理亮度之间存在线性关系。表面结构是感知亮度的理想预测指标，参与者在整个表面结构范围内都能很好地区分。感知亮度和测量的表面粗糙度与表面结构呈非线性关系。此外，我们发现雕刻参数和物理亮度之间存在线性关系。表面结构是感知亮度的理想预测指标，参与者在整个表面结构范围内都能很好地区分。感知亮度和测量的表面粗糙度与表面结构呈非线性关系。此外，我们发现雕刻参数和物理亮度之间存在线性关系。表面结构是感知亮度的理想预测指标，参与者在整个表面结构范围内都能很好地区分。