The COVID-19 pandemic provides a unique opportunity to study which factors drive compliance and how the evolving context in society –virus fluctuations and changing government measures – changes the impact of these factors. Extant literature lists many factors that drive compliance – notably enforcement, trust, legitimacy. Most of these studies, however, do not look across time: whether a changing context for citizens changes the impact of factors driving compliance. In this study, we use Lindenberg's Goal Framing Theory to explain the dynamics of these drivers of compliance during the COVID-19 pandemic. We formulate hypotheses for pro-socialness, trust in government, observed respect for rules, rule effectiveness, rule appropriateness, fear of COVID-19 (severity and proximity), opportunities for pleasure and happiness, as well as worsened income position. We test our hypotheses with data collected at three different moments during the beginning of the COVID-19 crisis in Flanders, Belgium. Findings show that over time the constellations of factors that drive compliance change and, later in the pandemic, more distinct groups of citizens with different motivations to comply are identified. The overall conclusion is that the voluntary basis for compliance becomes more fragile over time, with a more differentiated pattern of drivers of compliance emerging. Public policy and communication need to adapt to these changes over time and address different groups of citizens.

中文翻译：

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随着时间的推移，是什么推动人们遵守 COVID-19 措施？用目标框架理论解释变化的影响


COVID-19 大流行提供了一个独特的机会来研究哪些因素推动合规性以及不断变化的社会环境（病毒波动和不断变化的政府措施）如何改变这些因素的影响。现有文献列出了许多推动合规性的因素——特别是执行、信任、合法性。然而，大多数这些研究并没有考虑跨时间的问题：公民环境的变化是否会改变推动合规因素的影响。在这项研究中，我们使用 Lindenberg 的目标框架理论来解释 COVID-19 大流行期间这些合规驱动因素的动态。我们制定了以下假设：亲社会性、对政府的信任、对规则的尊重、规则的有效性、规则的适当性、对 COVID-19 的恐惧（严重性和接近性）、快乐和幸福的机会以及收入状况恶化。我们使用比利时佛兰德斯 COVID-19 危机爆发初期三个不同时刻收集的数据来检验我们的假设。调查结果显示，随着时间的推移，推动合规性变化的一系列因素，在疫情后期，人们发现了更多具有不同合规动机的独特公民群体。总体结论是，随着时间的推移，合规的自愿基础变得更加脆弱，合规驱动因素的差异化模式不断出现。公共政策和沟通需要随着时间的推移适应这些变化，并针对不同的公民群体。