Vitamin E (VE) is composed of a group of fat-soluble molecules, from which the most active homologous is α-tocopherol. VE is a structural component of cell membranes with a potent chain-breaking antioxidant action, which plays a main role in several biological processes. In cultured fish, VE can prevent peroxidation of cellular and subcellular membrane phospholipids and also red blood cells, leading to maintaining the structural and functional integrity of animal cells. VE performs several other biological and metabolic functions, including improvement of the immune response, enhancing growth performance and feed efficiency, preventing muscle degeneration, reducing the risk of atherosclerosis, improving reproductive efficiency and larval performance, meat quality and shelf life of seafood. Besides, VE interacts with other micronutrients, especially vitamin C and selenium. Fish feed and fish flesh generally contain high concentrations of lipids, especially polyunsaturated fatty acids, which renders these lipids more susceptible to lipid peroxidation. Supplemental VE may, therefore, become necessary to prevent this peroxidation. However, the VE requirement of farmed aquatic animals varies significantly, depending on dietary contents of VC, selenium and lipid (unsaturated fatty acids). This review summarizes the current knowledge on the physiological functions of VE in farmed fish and shrimp, and the effects of supplemental VE on fish performance, reproduction, health and product quality. The future considerations of VE requirements of farmed fish in light of the predicted climate change have also been discussed, especially with regard to feed input supplies (fish meal and fish oil vs. plant proteins and oils) and weather temperature.

中文翻译：

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维生素 E 对养殖鱼类的重要性——综述

维生素E（VE）由一组脂溶性分子组成，其中最活跃的同源物是α-生育酚。VE 是细胞膜的结构成分，具有有效的断链抗氧化作用，在多种生物过程中起主要作用。在养殖鱼类中，VE 可以防止细胞和亚细胞膜磷脂以及红细胞的过氧化，从而维持动物细胞的结构和功能完整性。VE 还具有其他几种生物和代谢功能，包括改善免疫反应、提高生长性能和饲料效率、防止肌肉退化、降低动脉粥样硬化的风险、提高繁殖效率和幼虫性能、肉质和海鲜的保质期。此外，VE 与其他微量营养素相互作用，尤其是维生素C和硒。鱼饲料和鱼肉通常含有高浓度的脂质，尤其是多不饱和脂肪酸，这使得这些脂质更容易受到脂质过氧化的影响。因此，补充 VE 可能成为防止这种过氧化的必要条件。然而，养殖水生动物对 VE 的需求差异很大，这取决于 VC、硒和脂质（不饱和脂肪酸）的膳食含量。这篇综述总结了目前关于VE在养殖鱼虾中的生理功能的知识，以及补充VE对鱼类生产性能、繁殖、健康和产品质量的影响。还讨论了根据预测的气候变化对养殖鱼类 VE 要求的未来考虑，