A cost-effective millimeter-wave measurement setup for narrowband path loss and angle-of-arrival measurements is presented in this paper. The setup consists of ubiquitous radio-frequency lab equipment and additional low-cost components. An algorithm is developed, which improves the measurement accuracy and reduces the required measurement time. An uncertainty analysis is performed, including a noise analysis, amplifier linearity, antenna misalignment and general system impairments. A theoretical model of the received signal plus noise is developed, which is used in Monte Carlo simulations to show the impact of snapshot averaging on the uncertainty. The estimated combined uncertainty with a 95.45% confidence level is 1.1 dB at the maximum measurable path loss and 0.3 dB in the case of low path loss, where the uncertainty due to receiver noise is negligible. The measurement setup is used in outdoor specular building reflection measurements at 24.00–24.25 GHz. The measured single-building reflections show a 1–9 dB excess loss compared to the free-space path loss. The measured excess loss is 9–20 dB for double-building reflections. These results indicate that buildings could potentially be used as effective millimeter-wave specular reflectors to extend millimeter-wave coverage.

本文介绍了一种用于窄带路径损耗和到达角测量的具有成本效益的毫米波测量装置。该设置由无处不在的射频实验室设备和其他低成本组件组成。开发了一种算法，提高了测量精度并减少了所需的测量时间。执行不确定性分析，包括噪声分析、放大器线性度、天线未对准和一般系统损伤。开发了接收信号加噪声的理论模型，该模型用于蒙特卡罗模拟，以显示快照平均对不确定性的影响。具有 95.45% 置信水平的估计组合不确定性在最大可测量路径损耗下为 1.1 dB，在低路径损耗情况下为 0.3 dB，其中接收机噪声引起的不确定性可以忽略不计。该测量装置用于 24.00–24.25 GHz 的室外镜面建筑反射测量。与自由空间路径损耗相比，测得的单体建筑反射显示出 1–9 dB 的额外损耗。对于双建筑反射，测得的额外损耗为 9–20 dB。这些结果表明，建筑物可能被用作有效的毫米波镜面反射器，以扩大毫米波的覆盖范围。