The familial structure of a population and the relatedness of its individuals are determined by its demography. There is, however, no general method to infer kinship directly from the life cycle of a structured population. Yet, this question is central to fields such as ecology, evolution and conservation, especially in contexts where there is a strong interdependence between familial structure and population dynamics. Here, we give a general formula to compute, from any matrix population model, the expected number of arbitrary kin (sisters, nieces, cousins, etc) of a focal individual ego, structured by the class of ego and of its kin. Central to our approach are classic but little-used tools known as genealogical matrices. Our method can be used to obtain both individual-based and population-wide metrics of kinship, as we illustrate. It also makes it possible to analyse the sensitivity of the kinship structure to the traits implemented in the model.

中文翻译：

---

亲属关系矩阵：从人口统计推断人口的亲属关系结构

人口的家族结构及其个体的亲缘关系由其人口结构决定。然而，没有通用的方法可以直接从结构化种群的生命周期推断亲属关系。然而，这个问题是生态学、进化和保护等领域的核心，尤其是在家庭结构和人口动态之间存在强烈相互依存关系的情况下。在这里，我们给出了一个一般公式来计算，从任何矩阵群体模型，任意亲属的预期数量的焦点个体（姐妹，侄女，表亲等）的自我，由类的结构化自我及其亲属。我们方法的核心是经典但很少使用的工具，称为谱系矩阵。正如我们所说明的，我们的方法可用于获得基于个体和群体范围的亲属关系指标。它还可以分析亲属结构对模型中实现的特征的敏感性。