Rice polluted by metal(loid)s, especially arsenic (As) and cadmium (Cd), imposes serious health risks. Numerous studies have demonstrated that the obligate plant symbionts arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) can reduce As and Cd concentrations in rice. The behaviours of metal(loid)s in the soil–rice–AMF system are of significant interest for scientists in the fields of plant biology, microbiology, agriculture, and environmental science. We review the mechanisms of As and Cd accumulation in rice with and without the involvement of AMF. In the context of the soil–rice–AMF system, we assess and discuss the role of AMF in affecting soil ion mobility, chemical forms, transport pathways (including the symplast and apoplast), and genotype variation. A potential strategy for AMF application in rice fields is considered, followed by future research directions to improve theoretical understanding and encourage field application.

中文翻译：

---

丛枝菌根真菌在同时减轻水稻中砷和镉积累的潜在用途

被金属（类物质），尤其是砷（As）和镉（Cd）污染的大米，会带来严重的健康风险。大量研究表明，专性植物共生体丛枝菌根真菌 (AMF) 可以降低水稻中的砷和镉浓度。植物生物学、微生物学、农业和环境科学领域的科学家对土壤-水稻-AMF 系统中金属（类）的行为具有重要意义。我们回顾了有和没有 AMF 参与的水稻中 As 和 Cd 积累的机制。在土壤-水稻-AMF 系统的背景下，我们评估和讨论了 AMF 在影响土壤离子迁移率、化学形式、传输途径（包括共质体和质外体）和基因型变异中的作用。考虑了在稻田中应用 AMF 的潜在策略，