Objective To describe prominent authorship positions held by women and the overall percentage of women co-authoring manuscripts submitted during the covid-19 pandemic compared with the previous two years. Design Cross sectional study. Setting Nine specialist and two large general medical journals. Population Authors of research manuscripts submitted between 1 January 2018 and 31 May 2021. Main outcome measures Primary outcome: first author’s gender. Secondary outcomes: last and corresponding authors’ gender; number (percentage) of women on authorship byline in “pre-pandemic” period (1 January 2018 to 31 December 2019) and in “covid-19” and “non-covid-19” manuscripts during pandemic. Results A total of 63 259 manuscripts were included. The number of female first, last, and corresponding authors respectively were 1313 (37.1%), 996 (27.9%), and 1119 (31.1%) for covid-19 manuscripts (lowest values in Jan-May 2020: 230 (29.4%), 165 (21.1%), and 185 (22.9%)), compared with 8583 (44.9%), 6118 (31.2%), and 7273 (37.3%) for pandemic non-covid-19 manuscripts and 12 724 (46.0%), 8923 (31.4%), and 10 981 (38.9%) for pre-pandemic manuscripts. The adjusted odds ratio of having a female first author in covid-19 manuscripts was <1.00 in all groups (P<0.001) compared with pre-pandemic (lowest in Jan-May 2020: 0.55, 98.75% confidence interval 0.43 to 0.70). The adjusted odds ratio of having a woman as last or corresponding author was significantly lower for covid-19 manuscripts in all time periods (except for the two most recent periods for last author) compared with pre-pandemic (lowest values in Jan-May 2020: 0.74 (0.57 to 0.97) for last and 0.61 (0.49 to 0.77) for corresponding author). The odds ratios for pandemic non-covid-19 manuscripts were not significantly different compared with pre-pandemic manuscripts. The median percentage of female authors on the byline was lower for covid-19 manuscripts (28.6% in Jan-May 2020) compared with pre-pandemic (36.4%) and non-covid-19 pandemic manuscripts (33.3% in Jan-May 2020). Gender disparities in all prominent authorship positions and the proportion of women authors on the byline narrowed in the most recent period (Feb-May 2021) compared with the early pandemic period (Jan-May 2020) and were very similar to values observed for pre-pandemic manuscripts. Conclusions Women have been underrepresented as co-authors and in prominent authorship positions in covid-19 research, and this gender disparity needs to be corrected by those involved in academic promotion and awarding of research grants. Women attained some prominent authorship positions equally or more frequently than before the pandemic on non-covid-19 related manuscripts submitted at some time points during the pandemic. Relevant anonymised manuscript level data are available on reasonable request from the corresponding author. The study was conducted under a confidentiality agreement between the BMJ and the medical school of Geneva University, represented by the Department of Health and Community Medicine.

中文翻译：

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提交给 11 种生物医学期刊的手稿中 covid-19 研究的女性作者：横断面研究

目的 描述与前两年相比，女性在 covid-19 大流行期间担任的重要作者职位以及女性合着手稿的总体百分比。设计横断面研究。设置九个专科和两个大型综合医学期刊。人口 2018 年 1 月 1 日至 2021 年 5 月 31 日期间提交的研究手稿的作者。主要结果测量 主要结果：第一作者的性别。次要结果：最后作者和通讯作者的性别；“大流行前”时期（2018 年 1 月 1 日至 2019 年 12 月 31 日）以及大流行期间“covid-19”和“非covid-19”手稿中署名署名的女性人数（百分比）。结果共纳入稿件63 259篇。女性第一、最后和通讯作者分别为1313（37.1%）、996（27.9%）、和 1119 (3​​1.1%) 的 covid-19 手稿（2020 年 1 月至 5 月的最低值：230 (29.4%)、165 (21.1%) 和 185 (22.9%)），而 8583 (44.9%)、6118 ( 31.2%) 和 7273 (37.3%) 用于大流行性非 covid-19 手稿，12 724 (46.0%)、8923 (31.4%) 和 10 981 (38.9%) 用于大流行前手稿。与大流行前相比（2020 年 1 月至 5 月最低：0.55，98.75% 置信区间为 0.43 至 0.70），所有组中在 covid-19 手稿中拥有女性第一作者的调整后优势比均 <1.00（P<0.001）。与大流行前（2020 年 1 月至 5 月的最低值）相比，covid-19 手稿在所有时间段（最后一个作者的最近两个时期除外）将女性作为最后一位或通讯作者的调整后的比值比显着降低：最后为 0.74（0.57 至 0.97），通讯作者为 0.61（0.49 至 0.77））。与大流行前的手稿相比，大流行非 covid-19 手稿的优势比没有显着差异。与大流行前（36.4%）和非 Covid-19 大流行手稿（2020 年 1 月至 5 月为 33.3%）相比，covid-19 手稿（2020 年 1 月至 5 月为 28.6%）署名中女性作者的中位数百分比较低）。与大流行初期（2020 年 1 月至 2020 年 5 月）相比，所有著名作者职位的性别差异和署名中女性作者的比例在最近一段时间（2021 年 2 月至 2020 年 5 月）有所缩小，并且与大流行前的观察值非常相似。流行病手稿。结论 在 covid-19 研究中，女性作为合著者和重要作者职位的代表性不足，这种性别差异需要由参与学术推广和研究资助的人来纠正。在大流行期间的某些时间点提交的与非 COVID-19 相关的手稿中，女性获得了与大流行之前相同或更频繁的一些重要作者职位。相关匿名手稿级别数据可在通讯作者的合理要求下获得。该研究是根据 BMJ 与由卫生和社区医学部代表的日内瓦大学医学院之间的保密协议进行的。相关匿名手稿级别数据可在通讯作者的合理要求下获得。该研究是根据 BMJ 与由卫生和社区医学部代表的日内瓦大学医学院之间的保密协议进行的。相关匿名手稿级别数据可在相应作者的合理要求下获得。该研究是根据 BMJ 与由卫生和社区医学部代表的日内瓦大学医学院之间的保密协议进行的。