Disadvantaged communities are often geographically segregated from employment and higher education opportunities. Increasing access can entail substantial welfare gains, but this can also affect the trade-off faced by young adults between investing in higher education and working for pay. We evaluate the introduction of bus services to Arab towns in Israel, which substantially and differentially increased access either to work only or to work and higher education opportunities among a disadvantaged population. Exploiting the variation that different bus line connections created in the cost of accessing higher education institutions, we find that young adult male responses are consistent with a trade-off between investing in higher education and working for pay. For females, our results are less clear-cut and while there is evidence of responses in terms of the probability of currently studying, we do not observe sufficiently concise labor market responses. Our results demonstrate the importance of accounting for potential reductions in educational attainment when expanding work opportunities to disadvantaged communities.

中文翻译：

---

工作与教育之间的权衡：从公共交通渗透到以色列阿拉伯城镇的证据

弱势社区通常在地理上与就业和高等教育机会隔离开来。增加入学机会可能带来可观的福利收益，但这也会影响年轻人在投资高等教育和为报酬工作之间所面临的权衡取舍。我们评估了向以色列阿拉伯城镇引入公共汽车服务的情况，这大大增加了弱势群体的工作机会或工作机会和高等教育机会。利用不同的公交线路连接在进入高等教育机构的成本中产生的变化，我们发现年轻成年男性的反应与高等教育投资和有偿工作之间的权衡是一致的。对于女性来说，我们的结果不太明确，虽然有证据表明就目前学习的可能性做出了回应，但我们没有观察到足够简洁的劳动力市场反应。我们的研究结果表明，在将工作机会扩大到弱势社区时，考虑到受教育程度可能降低的重要性。