ABSTRACT

This research investigated how interactive social contexts shape basic visual attention. It has been shown that social information can modulate inhibition of return effects in joint spatial cueing tasks. We predicted that if perceptions of cooperativeness explain this phenomenon, we would then observe larger inhibition of return effects for more cooperative individuals and in highly cooperative contexts. Experiments 1a and 1b found larger inhibition of return effects and greater perceptions of cooperativeness for female compared to male participants, consistent with the literature on gender stereotypes and the behavioural evidence that females are more cooperative than males. In Experiment 2a and 2b, we experimentally manipulated the cooperativeness of the task, describing it as either a team or an individual game. This time, we found larger inhibition of return effects and greater perceptions of cooperativeness for male participants in the team compared to the individual game. We conclude that construing interactive contexts as cooperative plays an important role in the joint spatial orienting of visual attention, and we propose this as an example of socially distributed cognition.

摘要

这项研究调查了互动社会背景如何塑造基本的视觉注意力。已经表明，社会信息可以调节联合空间提示任务中返回效应的抑制。我们预测，如果对合作的看法解释了这一现象，那么我们将观察到对于更多合作的个人和高度合作的环境中回报效应的更大抑制。实验 1a 和 1b 发现，与男性参与者相比，女性对回报效应的抑制作用更大，并且对合作的感知更大，这与关于性别刻板印象的文献和女性比男性更合作的行为证据一致。在实验 2a 和 2b 中，我们通过实验操纵了任务的合作性，将其描述为团队或个人游戏。这次，我们发现，与个人游戏相比，团队中的男性参与者对回报效应的抑制更大，并且对合作的感知更大。我们得出结论，将交互上下文解释为合作在视觉注意力的联合空间定向中起着重要作用，我们将此作为社会分布认知的一个例子。