Given that recent research on entrepreneurial behavior and success has established skill variety as a central human capital factor, researchers, educators, and policymakers have turned their interest to a deeper understanding of the formation of skill variety. Based on human capital theory and the competence growth approach in developmental psychology (highlighting long-term, age-appropriate, and cumulative skill-growth processes), we hypothesize that a broad, early variety orientation in adolescence is a developmental precursor of such entrepreneurial human capital in adulthood. This was confirmed in an analysis of prospective longitudinal data via structural equation modeling and serial mediation tests. We also find that an entrepreneurial constellation of personality traits, but not entrepreneurial parents, predicts early variety orientation, skill variety, and entrepreneurial intentions. By shedding new light on the long-term formation of entrepreneurial human capital, the results suggest that establishing and benefiting from an early variety orientation is not only an important developmental mechanism in entrepreneurial careers but gives those with an entrepreneurial personality an early head start in their vocational entrepreneurial development. Implications for future research and practice are discussed.

鉴于最近对创业行为和成功的研究已经确立了技能多样性作为核心人力资本因素，研究人员、教育工作者和政策制定者已将兴趣转向更深入地了解技能多样性的形成。基于人力资本理论和发展心理学中的能力增长方法（强调长期的、适合年龄的和累积的技能增长过程），我们假设青春期广泛的、早期的多样化取向是这种具有创业精神的人的发展先兆。成年后的资本。这在通过结构方程模型和系列中介测试对前瞻性纵向数据的分析中得到证实。我们还发现，创业者的人格特质星座，而不是创业型父母，可以预测早期的多样性取向、技能多样性和创业意图。通过揭示创业人力资本的长期形成，结果表明，早期多样化导向的建立和受益不仅是创业生涯中的重要发展机制，而且使具有创业个性的人在他们的职业生涯中获得了早期的先机。职业创业发展。讨论了对未来研究和实践的影响。