Arthrospira, a genus of blue-green cyanobacteria, is known for its great biological activity due to the presence of a large number of substances that are potentially active against tumor cells. This review aimed to evaluate the potential of Arthrospira spp. for the treatment or reduction of several types of cancer, in addition to elucidating the mechanism of action by which their compounds act on tumor cells. A systematic review was carried out in PubMed, Science Direct, LILACS, and SciELO databases, including original studies from 2009 to 2020. A total of 1306 articles were independently assessed according to the eligibility criteria, of which 20 articles were selected and assessed for the risk of bias using seven criteria developed by the authors. Arthrospira spp. of cyanobacteria have been evaluated against eight different types of cancer, mainly colon cancer. Among all the compounds, phycocyanin was the most used, followed by peptides and photosensitizers. In general, compounds from Arthrospira spp. act as anticancer agents by inhibiting the proliferation of tumor cells, triggering cell cycle arrest, and inducing apoptosis via different signaling pathways. In addition, these compounds also exhibited antioxidant, antiangiogenic, and antimetastatic activities. Phycocyanin demonstrated better efficacy against several types of cancer via different activities and therapeutic targets. Furthermore, it was the only molecule that functioned in synergy with other drugs that are already well established for the treatment of cancer.

中文翻译：

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节旋藻属的生物活性化合物。（螺旋藻）具有潜在的抗癌活性：系统评价

节旋藻属蓝绿色蓝藻属，由于存在大量对肿瘤细胞具有潜在活性的物质，因此以其巨大的生物活性而闻名。本综述旨在评估节旋藻属的潜力。除了阐明其化合物作用于肿瘤细胞的作用机制外，还用于治疗或减少几种类型的癌症。在 PubMed、Science Direct、LILACS 和 SciELO 数据库中进行了系统评价，包括 2009 年至 2020 年的原始研究。根据纳入标准对 1306 篇文章进行了独立评估，其中 20 篇被选入并评估为使用作者制定的七个标准的偏倚风险。节旋体属 已针对八种不同类型的癌症（主要是结肠癌）对蓝藻进行了评估。在所有化合物中，藻蓝蛋白的使用最多，其次是肽和光敏剂。一般来说，来自节旋藻属的化合物。通过抑制肿瘤细胞的增殖，触发细胞周期停滞，并通过不同的信号通路诱导细胞凋亡，起到抗癌剂的作用。此外，这些化合物还表现出抗氧化、抗血管生成和抗转移活性。通过不同的活性和治疗靶点，藻蓝蛋白对多种类型的癌症表现出更好的疗效。此外，它是唯一与其他已被广泛用于治疗癌症的药物协同作用的分子。