Background

Nurses work in stressful and demanding settings often suffer from depression and burnout. Despite overlapping symptoms, research has been inconclusive regarding the discriminant validity of measures of burnout with regard to measures of depression. Such inconclusive discriminant validity might cause clinicians to fail to recognize and manage depression separately from burnout.

Objectives

This meta-analysis aimed to clarify the distinctiveness of burnout as a separate construct by examining the size of the relationship between burnout and depression among nurses as well as potential moderators.

Method

A stepwise method was used by searching 4 databases (PubMed, CINAHL, PsycINFO, and EMBASE) to retrieve published papers in English examining the relationship between burnout and depression among nurses and reporting the effect sizes of their findings.

Results

We identified a total of 37 eligible studies. The pooled estimate showed a positive association between burnout and depression among nurses (r = 0.403, 95% CI [0.327, 0.474], p < 0.0001) and a slightly higher correlation coefficient for the Emotional Exhaustion subscale of the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) measure (0.494, 95% CI [0.41, 0.57]).

Conclusions and Implications

This review confirms a large burnout - depression correlation in nursing samples, adding to existing literature encompassing a variety of occupations. Future studies should focus on path analysis to assess the causal relationship as well as investigate potential moderators.

中文翻译：

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护士的倦怠和抑郁——系统评价和荟萃分析

背景

在压力大、要求高的环境中工作的护士经常患有抑郁症和倦怠。尽管症状重叠，但关于倦怠测量与抑郁测量的区别有效性的研究一直没有定论。这种不确定的判别有效性可能会导致临床医生无法识别和管理抑郁症与倦怠。

目标

这项荟萃分析旨在通过检查护士以及潜在调节者之间倦怠与抑郁之间关系的大小，来阐明职业倦怠作为一个单独的结构的独特性。

方法

通过搜索 4 个数据库（PubMed、CINAHL、PsycINFO 和 EMBASE），使用逐步方法检索已发表的英文论文，研究护士职业倦怠与抑郁之间的关系，并报告其研究结果的影响大小。

结果

我们共确定了 37 项符合条件的研究。汇总估计显示护士的倦怠和抑郁之间呈正相关（r  = 0.403, 95% CI [0.327, 0.474], p < 0.0001），并且马斯拉赫倦怠量表（MBI）的情绪疲惫子量表的相关系数略高测量 (0.494, 95% CI [0.41, 0.57])。

结论和启示

这篇综述证实了护理样本中存在很大的倦怠 - 抑郁相关性，增加了现有文献，涵盖了各种职业。未来的研究应侧重于路径分析，以评估因果关系并调查潜在的调节因素。