This paper reports a study on the catalytic conversion of selected carbohydrates (glucose, xylose, fructose) to furan aldehydes: furfural and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural in water as solvent. The catalytic system consists of relatively weaker acidic hydrogen sulfate imidazolium ILs and strong protic Brønsted acid (H₂SO₄). All experiments were carried out at elevated temperatures (140–160 °C) in stainless pressure reactor under autogenic pressure. Studies have shown that the conversion of glucose, xylose and fructose was significantly depended on structural parameters of the ionic liquid used as a catalyst as well as the presence or absence of Brønsted acid used as a co-catalyst. This effect can be considered as a manifestation of specific synergism of acidic IL and Brønsted acid. The selectivity to furan aldehydes was high and usually exceed 90% regardless of carbohydrate and IL used in reaction. This may confirm the postulated thesis about the significant and beneficial impact of imidazolium ionic liquids on the selectivity to furfural and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural arising as a result of dehydration of carbohydrates.

本文报道了在作为溶剂的水中将选定的碳水化合物（葡萄糖、木糖、果糖）催化转化为呋喃醛：糠醛和 5-羟甲基糠醛的研究。催化系统由相对较弱酸性硫酸氢咪唑鎓离子液体和强质子布朗斯台德酸 (H ₂ SO ₄）。所有实验均在不锈钢压力反应器中在自生压力下在高温（140-160°C）下进行。研究表明，葡萄糖、木糖和果糖的转化在很大程度上取决于用作催化剂的离子液体的结构参数以及用作助催化剂的布朗斯台德酸的存在与否。这种效应可以被认为是酸性 IL 和布朗斯台德酸特定协同作用的表现。呋喃醛的选择性很高，通常超过 90%，而不管反应中使用的碳水化合物和 IL。这可以证实关于咪唑鎓离子液体对由于碳水化合物脱水而产生的糠醛和 5-羟甲基糠醛的选择性的显着和有益影响的假设论点。